Exploration of cellular uptake and endocytosis mechanisms for doxorubicin-loaded poly (amino acid) nanocarriers

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dc.authoridahmad, zaheer/0000-0002-9837-8647
dc.contributor.authorAhmad, Zaheer
dc.contributor.authorArshad, Nasima
dc.contributor.authorAlsaab, Hashem O.
dc.contributor.authorSelamoglu, Zeliha
dc.contributor.authorShah, Afzal
dc.date.accessioned2024-11-07T13:34:29Z
dc.date.available2024-11-07T13:34:29Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentNiğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractThis study revolves around the synthesis of poly (amino acid)-based polymers, specifically designed as block copolymers incorporating poly (glutamic acid) and poly (ethylene glycol), with varying glutamic acid moieties. Extensive characterization of these block copolymers was carried out using Fourier Transform Infrared and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy. The integration of the potent anti-cancer agent, doxorubicin, into these constructs was successfully achieved. The determination of nanoparticle sizes was accomplished through dynamic laser light scattering; while, zeta potential measurements provided insights into surface charges. Following the drug loading into nanomicelles, the release profiles were investigated under conditions simulating the tumor-specific acidic pH and physiological blood pH (7.4). In vitro cytotoxicity evaluations were performed, revealing dose and time-dependent reactions for both free and loaded doxorubicin against the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Additionally, the mechanisms of cellular uptake were explored using confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometry. The findings unveiled that the cellular uptake of free doxorubicin predominantly follows a diffusion process; while, the drug loaded within nanoparticles is internalized via endocytosis. The nanoparticles were skillfully engineered to possess optimal size, shape, and surface charge, thereby showcasing their potential as proficient vehicles for targeted drug delivery. In summary, this study not only demonstrates the successful synthesis and meticulous characterization of poly (amino acid)-based nanocarriers but also underscores their biocompatibility, favorable attributes, and promising capabilities as effective platforms for precise and targeted drug delivery.
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Natural Science Foundation of China [51173184, 51373168, 51390484, 51233004, 51321062]; Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad; Department of Higher Education, Archives and Libraries, Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan; Program of Scientific Development of Jilin Province [20130727050YY, 20130206066GX]; Academy of sciences for the developing world (TWAS) [3240267237]
dc.description.sponsorshipWe are grateful for financial support of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Projects 51173184, 51373168, 51390484, 51233004 and 51321062), Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, and Department of Higher Education, Archives and Libraries, Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan, Program of Scientific Development of Jilin Province (20130727050YY and 20130206066GX), and the academy of sciences for the developing world (TWAS) (3240267237).
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s00289-024-05413-8
dc.identifier.endpage15042
dc.identifier.issn0170-0839
dc.identifier.issn1436-2449
dc.identifier.issue16
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85198698434
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.startpage15019
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-024-05413-8
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11480/16009
dc.identifier.volume81
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001277957600001
dc.identifier.wosqualityN/A
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.relation.ispartofPolymer Bulletin
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_20241106
dc.subjectDoxorubicin
dc.subjectGlutamic acid
dc.subjectCell proliferation
dc.subjectBreast cancer
dc.subjectNanocarriers
dc.titleExploration of cellular uptake and endocytosis mechanisms for doxorubicin-loaded poly (amino acid) nanocarriers
dc.typeArticle

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