A novel pixel-wise authentication-based self-embedding fragile watermarking method

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dc.authoridGUL, ERTUGRUL/0000-0002-5591-3435
dc.contributor.authorGul, Ertugrul
dc.contributor.authorOzturk, Serkan
dc.date.accessioned2024-11-07T13:31:44Z
dc.date.available2024-11-07T13:31:44Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.departmentNiğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractSelf-embedding fragile watermarking algorithms can perform detection of the manipulated areas as well as recovery of these detected areas. Most of the self-embedding fragile watermarking algorithms are performed block-wise authentication approach. However, entire block is marked as tampered in case one of the pixels in the block is detected as manipulated. This situation decreases the accuracy rate of the authentication process especially against pixel-based attacks such as salt and paper noise adding. Therefore, we present a novel pixel-wise authentication-based self-embedding fragile watermarking method for manipulation detection and recovery. In this proposed method, reference image is divided into four main blocks. Then, each main block is subdivided into 2x4 or 4x2 sized blocks according to block type determined using recovery quality. Recovery bits of each main block generated from sub-blocks are spreaded into the two main blocks in the other half of the image. For each pixel, two authentication bits are generated using the six most significant bits of the pixel with two pixel position bits and then embedded into the first and second least significant bits of the pixel. In experimental results, pixel-based attacks are applied to the images to demonstrate the success of the presented method. Also, performance of the presented method has been evaluated by applying different size of cropping attacks to the watermarked images. Experimental results show that the proposed method satisfactory detect and recover the manipulated areas.
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s00530-021-00751-3
dc.identifier.endpage545
dc.identifier.issn0942-4962
dc.identifier.issn1432-1882
dc.identifier.issue3
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85100562980
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage531
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00530-021-00751-3
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11480/15018
dc.identifier.volume27
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000615128500001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.relation.ispartofMultimedia Systems
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_20241106
dc.subjectSelf-recovery
dc.subjectSelf-embedding
dc.subjectTamper detection
dc.subjectPixel-wise
dc.titleA novel pixel-wise authentication-based self-embedding fragile watermarking method
dc.typeArticle

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