Where is the gray side of green growth? Theoretical insights, policy directions, and evidence from a multidimensional approach

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dc.authoriddemiral, ozge/0000-0003-0165-2206
dc.authoridDemiral, Mehmet/0000-0002-8836-5682
dc.contributor.authorDemiral, Mehmet
dc.contributor.authorDemiral, Ozge
dc.date.accessioned2024-11-07T13:24:38Z
dc.date.available2024-11-07T13:24:38Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.departmentNiğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractAddressing the geographical relocation of the pollution-intensive gray side of low-carbon green production, our study analyzes potential determinants of green and gray growth performance of industrialized/developed countries (IDCs) and industrializing/emerging economies (IEEs) over the 1996-2015 period. We define green growth by low-carbon output, while we link gray growth to comparative advantages of pollution havens. Green and gray growth models include such predictors as domestic income and foreign direct investment (FDI) together with composite indices for globalization, environmental policy stringency (EPS), industrialization, and control of corruption. Considering non-stationarity, cross-section dependency, endogeneity, and heterogeneity concerns, we employ bootstrap and residual-based cointegration analyses followed by long-run estimations using the Common Correlated Effects Mean Group (CCEMG) and Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) estimators and causality examination through Dumitrescu-Hurlin and Emirmahmutoglu-Kose tests. The key findings of the study are as follows: (i) income is positively associated with green growth for both IEEs and IDCs, whereas the income-gray growth nexus is negative for IEEs. (ii) Although inward FDI stocks are positively related to green and gray growth of IEEs and outward FDI stocks are negatively associated with green and gray growth of IDCs, these relationships are mediated by EPS. (iii) Globalization encourages both green and gray growth for IDCs. (iv) Even though EPS inhibits green growth and encourage gray growth in IEEs, these direct effects widely depend on the indirect effects of control of corruption. (v) IEEs' higher gray growth performance is substantially explained by their increased industrial competitiveness, whereas the link is negative for IDCs. (vi) Control of corruption fosters both green and gray growth in IEEs. Overall, growing gray does not necessarily mean not growing green and vice versa. Globally, the low-carbon benefits of greening countries may be counterbalanced by the environmental costs of graying economies. From a policy perspective, IEEs need to reinforce environmental policies by green efficiency, green industrialization, and anti-corruption plans to decouple economic growth from carbon dioxide emissions.
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s11356-021-13127-x
dc.identifier.endpage63930
dc.identifier.issn0944-1344
dc.identifier.issn1614-7499
dc.identifier.issue45
dc.identifier.pmid33635455
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85101780164
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage63905
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13127-x
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11480/14236
dc.identifier.volume28
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000622284400008
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer Heidelberg
dc.relation.ispartofEnvironmental Science and Pollution Research
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_20241106
dc.subjectGreen growth
dc.subjectGray growth
dc.subjectEnvironmental Kuznets curve
dc.subjectPollution haven hypothesis
dc.subjectEnvironmental policy stringency
dc.subjectIndustrialization
dc.subjectControl of corruption
dc.titleWhere is the gray side of green growth? Theoretical insights, policy directions, and evidence from a multidimensional approach
dc.typeArticle

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