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    Energy conservation behavior of university occupants in Kuwait: A multigroup analysis
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Alomari, Majdi M.; EL-Kanj, Hania; Topal, Ayse; Alshdaifat, Nafesah I.
    The continuous increase in energy consumption has led to strategies worldwide to encourage energy conservation behavioral strategies to mitigate high demand and environmental problems. Limited literature focuses on the university occupants' energy conservation behaviors (ECBs). This study examined how three university occupant groups (faculty, students, and staff) performed in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TBP) hypotheses. The current study also aims to examine how the occupants differ in the dimensions of TBP affecting their ECBs. Model testing was done using partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and multigroup analysis (MGA). At the overall model, results showed that all predictors of ECB are significant. All hypotheses were supported except for direct relationships between EK and ECB and AWC and ECB. After applying the MGA, our research revealed that faculty demonstrated a more confident ECB and have a more positive INT than students and staff due to their EK and AWC. However, there is still a significant difference in the EK of occupants. Interestingly, this study found that students display greater trust in SNs than the levels of SNs reported by faculty and staff. This research suggests that universities should consider implementing unique energy education methods and approaches to each occupant. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
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    Exploring the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on energy literacy and conservation behavior in academic buildings of Kuwait
    (Cell Press, 2023) Alomari, Majdi M.; EL-Kanj, Hania; Topal, Ayse; Alshdaifat, Nafesah I.
    This study investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on energy literacy and conservation behavior among occupant groups in academic buildings in Kuwait. It explores influential factors, focusing on the pandemic's effect on attitudes, intentions, and behaviors related to energy conservation. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach, incorporating quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. Participants, including students, faculty, and staff, completed surveys, participated in questionnaires, focus groups, and took part in interviews. Statistical tests are used to validate the survey data, while thematic analysis is applied to the qualitative data. The findings of the research showed that COVID-19 had a significant impact on participants' attitudes, intentions, and behavior regarding energy literacy and conservation. Specifically, the student group experienced a significant increase in the relationship between their intentions and behavior, while the faculty group exhibited a strong correlation between intention and behavior. The study also found that education, awareness, personal motivation, values, religiosity, and culture were all crucial factors in promoting energy literacy and conservation behavior. The study recommends specific educational interventions, fostering a culture of conservation, providing access to information and resources, promoting community engagement, incorporating religiosity, and improving policies and infrastructure to enhance energy literacy in academic buildings. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of tailored educational interventions that consider the specific needs and challenges of different occupant groups and suggests incorporating religious perspectives to align with the cultural and religious context of the Kuwaiti population. The study's findings offer comprehensive insights into the impact of unforeseen events, such as pandemics, on energy literacy and conservation behavior. These insights have practical implications for policymaking and implementation. Future research could explore the effectiveness of various educational interventions and examine the role of social and cultural factors in shaping energy literacy and behavior.
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    Improving energy literacy among Kuwaiti university students with a tailored course on sustainable energy practices
    (World Institute for Engineering and Technology Education, 2024) Alomari, Majdi M.; El-Kanj, Hania; Topal, Ayse; Alshdaifat, Nafesah I.
    In this article, the authors explore the impact of an energy literacy course tailored exclusively for Kuwaiti students, designed to align with Kuwaiti social norms and culture. The course’s objective is to enrich students’ cognitive comprehension, affective attitudes, and behavioural practices related to energy consumption and conservation. This study used a comprehensive approach that combines quantitative and qualitative survey methods, including focus group discussions and observations to assess the course’s effectiveness. The results showed that the energy literacy course was successful in improving students’ energy-related knowledge, affective attitudes and behaviours. The findings show that students who participated in the course demonstrated greater cognitive gains, particularly on items related to more practical topics, and a more positive attitude towards energy conservation as compared to their levels before the course. Overall, the tailored energy literacy course proved to be an effective intervention, successfully enhancing students’ cognitive understanding, cultivating positive affective attitudes and promoting sustainable energy-related behaviours. © WIETE 2024.