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    Bovine serum albumin-mediated synthesis and quorum sensing inhibitory properties of Ag-Ag2S nanoparticles
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Ghaffarlou, Mohammadreza; Ilk, Sedef; Rahimi, Hossein; Danafar, Hossein; Barsbay, Murat; Sharafi, Ali
    Aim: Quorum sensing (QS) is a density-dependent chemical process of cell-to-cell communication in which certain signals are activated, leading to the coordination of pathogenic behaviors and the regulation of virulence in bacteria. Inhibition of QS can prevent biofilm formation and reduce virulence behaviors of bacteria. Herein, bovine serum albumin (BSA)-coated silver nanoparticles (NPs) (Ag-Ag2S@BSA NPs) were synthesized and studied as an anti-QS agent. Materials & methods: Ag-Ag2S NPs prepared through a BSA-mediated biomineralization process under ambient aqueous conditions and their physicochemical properties were characterized. The anti-QS activity of the resulting BSA-coated NPs (Ag-Ag2S@BSA NPs) was investigated for the first time. Results & conclusion: The result confirmed the potential of Ag-Ag2S@BSA NPs as novel and useful therapeutic tools for antibacterial purposes. Plain language summaryThe overuse of antibiotics has caused the development of drug-resistant strains of bacteria. Nowadays, drug resistance is one of the main challenges in the treatment and prevention of microbial diseases. In general, many bacterial species communicate with each other through a population-dependent mechanism called quorum sensing to control their physiological activities. Therefore, inhibiting the quorum sensing mechanism is an attractive alternative to antibiotics and also reduces the risk of drug resistance, and this can be achieved by nanoparticles (NPs). Among these nanostructures, Ag NPs have received particular attention due to their antimicrobial, antibiofilm, anticancer and antioxidant properties. Herein, we report a method that applies a BSA-guided green and one-pot approach for achieving Ag-Ag2S NPs as potential antibacterial agents.
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    Green and Facile Synthesis of Pullulan-Stabilized Silver and Gold Nanoparticles for the Inhibition of Quorum Sensing
    (Amer Chemical Soc, 2022) Ghaffarlou, Mohammadreza; Ilk, Sedef; Hammamchi, Hamideh; Kirac, Feyza; Okan, Meltem; Guven, Olgun; Barsbay, Murat
    Pullulan (Pull) decorated with monodisperse Ag and Au nanoparticles (NPs) was synthesized by a simple and green method. Samples were characterized by FTIR, UV-vis, NMR, XRD, TGA, SEM, XPS, DLS, and TEM. SEM images showed highly oriented microforms reported for the first time for Pull, because of the supramolecular self-assembling behavior of Pull chains. Antimicrobial and quorum sensing (QS) inhibition activities were tested against six pathogen bacteria and reporter and biomonitor strain. Pull decorated with NPs, in particular, Ag-modified ones, outperformed pristine Pull. The cell proliferation was tested with an MTT assay. NPs-decorated Pull was studied for the first time as an inhibitory agent against bacterial signal molecules and found to be a good candidate. The promising performance of AgNPs@Pull compared to the commercial antibiotic gentamicin showed that it has great potential as a therapeutic approach to overcome the bacterial resistance that has developed against conventional antibiotics.
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    Poly(acrylic acid)-b-Poly(vinylamine) Copolymer: Decoration with Silver Nanoparticles, Antibacterial Properties, Quorum Sensing Activity, and Cytotoxicity on Breast Cancer and Fibroblast Cell Lines
    (Amer Chemical Soc, 2022) Ghaffarlou, Mohammadreza; Sutekin, S. Duygu; Hammamchi, Hamideh; Ilk, Sedef; Guven, Olgun; Barsbay, Murat
    An elegant integration of primary amine-bearing segments into the acrylic acid-containing blocks and the subsequent addition of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) to this double hydrophilic block copolymer endowed the resulting well-defined self-assembled construct with promising antimicrobial and anti-quorum sensing activity and high cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells. Poly(N- vinylformamide) (PNVF), precursor of amphoteric poly(vinyl amine) (PVAm), was chain-extended from pH-responsive poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) macro-chain transfer agent synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization by the interchange of xanthates (RAFT/MADIX). PAA-b-PNVF block copolymers with molecular weights in the range of 12500-21800 Da and dispersities between 1.29 and 1.44 were characterized by FTIR, elemental analysis,H- 1 and C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). PAA-b-PVAm copolymer was obtained by hydrolysis of the PNVF block. The decoration of PAA-b-PVAm with monodisperse Ag NPs to yield AgNPs@PAA-b-PVAm proceeded through a simple and green approach by amine-induced reduction of Ag ions in aqueous media. The formation of AgNPs@PAA-b-PVAm was characterized by UV/vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). AgNPs@PAA-b-PVAm displayed superior antimicrobial and anti QS activity. The cell proliferation was tested with an MTT assay on L929 and MCF-7 cell lines. Both the AgNP-decorated and the bare copolymer showed significantly higher cytotoxicity on cancer cells compared to healthy ones.