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Öğe Aydınlatma ile Güvenlik Algısı İlişkisinin Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Yerleşkesi Örneğinde İncelenmesi(2019) Soydan, Orhun; Benliay, AhmetÜlkemizdeki üniversite sayısı sürekli artmakta olup, bu üniversitelerden bazıları büyük yerleşke alanlarına dönüşmektedirler. Bu yüzden yerleşke alanları kentsel yaşam alanları içerisinde büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Yerleşke içerisinde bulunan öğrenciler, eğitim yanında konaklama, eğlence ve rekreasyonel faaliyetler için de yerleşke alanlarını kullanmaktadırlar. Bu yerleşkeler gündüz kullanıldığı gibi akşam/gece de kullanılmaktadır. Bu alanların akşam/gece kullanımı açısından (güvenlik, estetik vb.) aydınlatma sistemleri tasarımı önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Yerleşkeler içerisinde belirli alanlarda, aydınlatma tasarımının eksik olmasından dolayı karanlık alanlar oluşmakta, bunun sonucunda da yerleşke içerisinde güvenlik problemleri meydana gelmektedir. Aydınlatma eksikliği sonucunda yerleşke içerisinde başıboş gezen hayvanlar, fiziksel tehlikeler ve insanlarda saldırıya uğrama korkusu meydana gelmektedir. Bu eksiklikler yerleşkelerin gece kullanımını engellemektedir. Aydınlatmadan dolayı meydana gelen korkular, yerleşkenin yaşam kalitesini ve konforunu da azaltmaktadır. Bu çalışma da Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesini kullanan öğrenciler, akademik ve idare personeller ile çalışanlar üzerinden anket çalışması (400 kişi) yürütülmüştür. Yapılan anket çalışması sonucunda; yerleşkeyi kullananların yerleşkenin aydınlatma tasarımına yönelik düşünceleri ve aydınlatma tasarımının kullanımlarını nasıl etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, yerleşke içerisinde aydınlatmaya bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan güvenlik problemleri yerleşke kullanıcılarının düşüncülerine göre tespit edilmiştir. Yerleşke içerisinde bulunan kullanım alanlarının aydınlatma tasarımı ile olan ilişkileri ve kullanıcıların yerleşke içerisinde kendilerini en çok ya da en az hangi alanlarda güvende hissettikleri tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda; yerleşkeyi kullanan kişilerin aydınlatma tasarımına bağlı olarak güvenlik algısını arttıracak önerilere yer verilmiştir.Öğe Evaluation of The Smart City Applications in Terms of Users: TheCase of Turkey(2020) Soydan, Orhun; Benliay, AhmetCities transform into dynamic, productive, innovative and attractive areas. Due to this transformation, some problems occur in urbanareas such as health, energy, traffic, waste management, air and water pollution, unplanned urbanization. The use of communicationand information technologies should be provided for solving these problems. The cities should be more livable, quality and functionalareas. Planners and designers should try to find solutions to urban problems, and they should action to make cities the more “smart”. Tocreate smart cities, areas must be transformed into more sustainable and livable. Smart cities focus on solutions such asmobility/transportation, clean energy, water-food production, health, life, and public participation. The aim of the study is to evaluatethe smart city applications in open-green areas according to user’s opinion. For this purpose, the questionnaire was made on 455 peoplewho are from all provinces and regions of the Turkey. The users who participated in the questionnaire, were selected on a voluntary.The results that were obtained from the questionnaire, were transferred to SPSS software, and analyses were made using some test inSPSS. The average of the answers that were given by the participants about the smart city applications, is slightly higher than the averageof the answers that were given about the park information systems. Most of the participants stated that they have demands about theinformation and technology, and smart city applications will increase the level of perception the cities. Finally, suggestions for the smartcity applications were made.Öğe Landscape design for autism spectrum disorder: Case study of Niğde(Peter Lang AG, 2020) Benliay, Ahmet; Soydan, OrhunAutism spectrum disorder refers to a broad range of conditions characterized by challenges with social skills, repetitive behaviours, speech, and nonverbal communication. There are many subtypes, most influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The reason of many symptoms of autistic individuals is sensory integration, it is the power to understand, organize, and feel sensory data from the environment and self. The aim of this study is establishing a group of guidelines for landscape design for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder with the sensory integration. The research was carried out with the teachers and psychologists of Special Education Schools in Niğde who have trained for and worked with autistic individuals for a long time. Within the scope of the study, it has been tried to determine which design principles can be used in a landscape design by the use of these expert views. © Peter Lang AG 2020.Öğe Noise pollutions depending on weather conditions in Antalya city(Parlar Scientific Publications, 2020) Soydan, Orhun; Benliay, AhmetNoise pollution is the most prominent environmental problems in daily life. Noise pollution causes various serious health problems for people. Special precaution should be taken to prevent noise pollution especially in hospitals, parks, and educational areas which are sensitive to noise. Antalya city has only one central district. In the study, noise levels were measured on the 100. year boulevard in Antalya, Turkey. Results of the study revealed that the average noise level was change from 36.92 dB (A) to 82.68 dB (A). The noise distribution maps belong to the study area were made by using result from measurement in the morning - daytime (07:00-19:00), evening (19:00-23:00) and night (23:00-07:00). Artificial Neural Networks method was used to determine the wind forecast values for the next years. Measurement data obtained from morning, noon and evening were transferred to the artificial neural network software and noise estimation tables were created. A total of 12 noise pollution maps were done using kriging method in Arc- GIS Software. As a result of these maps, areas that have problems in terms of noise pollution were identified and recommendations were developed. © by PSP.Öğe NOISE POLLUTIONS DEPENDING ON WEATHER CONDITIONS IN ANTALYA CITY(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2020) Soydan, Orhun; Benliay, AhmetNoise pollution is the most prominent environmental problems in daily life. Noise pollution causes various serious health problems for people. Special precaution should be taken to prevent noise pollution especially in hospitals, parks, and educational areas which are sensitive to noise. Antalya city has only one central district. In the study, noise levels were measured on the 100. year boulevard in Antalya, Turkey. Results of the study revealed that the average noise level was change from 36.92 dB (A) to 82.68 dB (A). The noise distribution maps belong to the study area were made by using result from measurement in the morning - daytime (07:00-19:00), evening (19:00-23:00) and night (23:00-07:00). Artificial Neural Networks method was used to determine the wind forecast values for the next years. Measurement data obtained from morning, noon and evening were transferred to the artificial neural network software and noise estimation tables were created. A total of 12 noise pollution maps were done using kriging method in ArcGIS Software. As a result of these maps, areas that have problems in terms of noise pollution were identified and recommendations were developed.Öğe OUTDOOR LIGHTING DESIGN INVESTIGATION IN EXAMPLE OF UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2021) Benliay, Ahmet; Soydan, OrhunThe aim of this study is that examination of outdoor lighting design of Akdeniz University Medical Faculty Hospital. Documents and projects about the hospital's lighting design were obtained from the related units, and these materials were analyzed using computer software. The study area was divided into hexagons with each corner of 10 x 10 meters. Lux values of the each points on hexagons were measured for determining the current lighting values using lux-meter. As a result, it has been determined that the parking, green spaces, vehicle roads, building entrances and green areas in the hospital were lighted with 0 - 10 lux more than the standards. There were differences between hospital lighting design and standards due to land use. Land use was disregarded while lighting design was made for hospital. Some areas were far above standards; on the contrary some areas were far below standards. While choosing the locations of the lighting elements at the design stage, the height of the plants which will get in the future, should be considered, and should be supported the efficiency of the lighting elements with periodic maintenance in the future.Öğe Peyzaj Tasarımında Kullanılan Aydınlatma Elemanı Yüksekliği ve Döşeme Malzemesi İlişkisinin Yapay Sinir Ağı Analizi Kullanılarak Belirlenmesi(2020) Soydan, Orhun; Benliay, AhmetEkolojik sürdürülebilirlik, bir alanda bulunan bitkilerin, canlıların ve toprağın birlikte gelişimi ile mümkün olmaktadır. Aydınlatma sonucu ortaya çıkan ışık kirliliği, yansıma, sıcaklık vb. etkilerinden dolayı canlı ve cansız öğeler üzerinde olumsuz etkilere sahip olabilmektedir. Bu yüzden uygun bir aydınlatma tasarımı ile bu olumsuz etkiler azaltılmalı ve ekolojik sürdürülebilirlik sağlanmalıdır. Ekonomik sürdürülebilirlik ise maliyetin düşük tutulması ve uygun peyzaj tasarımlarının oluşturulması ile mümkün olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Antalya ili Konyaaltı ve Muratpaşa ilçesinde bulunan 3 parktaki aydınlatma elemanlarının yükseklikleri ve yer döşemeleri arasındaki ilişkinin peyzaj tasarımı – peyzaj mühendisliği açısından uygunlukları araştırılmıştır. Zemine düşen ve göze yansıyan ışık (lüks) değerlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla 2.688 noktadan ölçüm yapılmıştır. Ölçümler Türkiye’nin boy ortalaması olan 1,65 metreden yapılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında belirlenen noktalar tesadüfen seçilmiştir. Microsoft Excel yazılımında hazırlanan veriler Neural Designer (Yapay Sinir Ağları) yazılımında, danışmanlı öğrenme için yapay sinir ağı eğitiminde kullanılmıştır. Oluşturulan çalışma modeli ile aydınlatma elemanlarının her bir yükseklik değeri için döşeme elemanlarına düşebilecek olan ve yansıyan ışık miktarı için tahminler oluşturulmuştur. Yapay sinir ağlarının vermiş olduğu tahmin değerlerine göre travertenin 0,60, 0,70 ve 10,00 metre yüksekliğindeki aydınlatma elemanları için, göze yansıyan ve yere düşen ışık miktarı açısından en uygun doğal döşeme elemanı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Andezit; 0,70, 3,00 ve 4,25 metre yüksekliğindeki aydınlatma elemanları için göze yansıyan ışık miktarı açısından düşük değerlere sahip olması, aynı zamanda homojen ışık düşürmesi nedeniyle uygun olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Asfalt, yapay döşeme elemanları arasında en uygun malzeme olarak önerilmiştir.Öğe Redesigning Landscape Equipments with Parametric Design: The Case of Konyaaltı Expo 2016 Park(2022) Benliay, Ahmet; Soydan, OrhunIn this study, it is aimed to redesign some of the landscape equipment of Konyaaltı Expo 2016 Park with a parametric design approach and to compare the park with the existing ones. For this purpose, the landscape equipment’s in Konyaaltı Expo 2016 Park, which was determined as the study material, were photographed, and analyzed. Using these data, opinions were taken from a group of ten experts, and it was determined which equipment should be redesigned. By targeting the redesigns to be made within the scope of the study, a literature search was made on the concept of Parametric Design and the examples made with parametric design were examined. Models of the new reinforcement elements proposed for Konyaaltı Expo 2016 Park were prepared with the Grasshopper tool and rendered images taken with the help of Lumion software. The evaluation of these designs in terms of aesthetics, economics and functionality, their suitability and how acceptable they are, was determined by asking the experts through a questionnaire. In line with the results of the survey, existing reinforcement elements and parametric design reinforcement elements were compared, and the possibilities and possible restrictions were examined.Öğe The Effect of Different Cover and Flooring Materials on Climatic Comfort in Landscape Design#(2021) Soydan, Orhun; Benliay, AhmetIn this study, it is aimed to understand the effects of structural and vegetative elements that can be\rused in landscape designs on the temperature factor, which will greatly affect the climatic comfort,\rby using artificial neural networks. In this context, measurements were carried out in the morning\r(08:00-09:00), noon (13:00-14:00) and evening (17:00-18:00) of a total of 100 days, 50 days in each\rof the winter and summer seasons, at 7 randomly selected points in the Akdeniz University Campus.\rIn these measurements, the temperature difference values of 11 cover elements on 7 different floor\rcovering types were measured, and the ambient air temperature, humidity and wind values were\ralso determined. The temperature differences between the areas where the flooring elements are\rexposed to direct sun and the shadow effect of different plant and cover elements were determined\rusing an infrared laser thermometer. These values were processed with Neural Designer software\rand possible temperature difference prediction values were created for 57.750 different alternatives\rwith the help of artificial neural network model from 837 sets of data. Evaluation shows that the\rmaximum temperature difference is 15.6°C at noon in the summer months in the red tartan flooring\rmaterial and Callistemon viminalis cover material. While the artificial neural network model\rpredicts that there will be a high 2-3° C temperature difference for the alternatives, it has made\rpredictions for temperature differences between 0-10°C in winter and 0-16°C in summer months.\rAlthough the temperature differences that will occur in the noon hours are distributed over a wide\rrange of values, it seems that the morning and evening forecasts are concentrated between 0-7°C\rvalues. Also, it has been determined that the wind and humidity in the environment are more\rimportant factors than the ambient temperature in terms of temperature differences.Öğe The Effect of Different Floor Coverings Elements on Landscape Ergonomics(2020) Soydan, Orhun; Benliay, AhmetLighting can also cause negative impacts like light pollution and temperature on living and non-living elements. Aim of the study is that determination of the light reflectance values of the floor covering used in landscaping. Study area was analyzed, current lighting systems in the study area were determined, and the current illumination values were measured by using lux meter. The differences of the illumination values, between the ground (0m.) and reflection from the ground (1.60m.) were determined statistically. The highest level of reflectance of light was water. Following the water as a ground cover; it has been determined that the light reflecting ratios of the lawn plants are higher. Concrete and asphalt surfaces reflect less light than other ground covers. Stone and wood usage should be preferred instead of rubber, concrete and asphalt materials. Natural stone should be used, in order to minimize light loss on the roads where asphalt material is used.Öğe Virtual and Augmented Reality Applications in Landscape Design and Project Presentation Techniques(2020) Soydan, Orhun; Benliay, AhmetAfter realizing that multi-storey buildings are contrary to human nature, the importance of natural landscape and green areas around it has been noticed. For this reason, people want to see how their environment will be in the design phase and the importance of project presentations is increasing day by day. Information technologies for spatial thinking, imagination and modelling have gradually started to be included in landscape design processes. The concept of virtual reality, augmented reality and immersive virtual reality are becoming more and more involved in our lives due to reasons such as the size of the devices getting smaller and their prices being relatively accessible to everyone. As an alternative to traditional presentation techniques and two-dimensional presentation techniques on the computer, making presentations in a virtual reality environment can be a stronger factor in people’s perception of the environment. In the study visual sets in basic, intermediate and advanced level of detail for the same landscape design and project site have been created. Each set consists of hand-drawn perspective image, computer aided perspective image, stereoscopic 360-degree VR image and an augmented reality model. In order to evaluate these visual sets, interviews were made with 10 landscape architects who are experts in the subject. As a result of the study, criteria’s for landscape presentations has been discussed and the advantages and disadvantages of landscape design presentations that will be created using virtual and augmented reality have been evaluated.
