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Öğe A Research on Structural Characteristics and Problems of Sheep Breeding in Nigde(KAHRAMANMARAS SUTCU IMAM UNIV, 2015) Ceyhan, Ayhan; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Unalan, Adnan; Cinar, Mahmut; Serbester, Ugur; Akyol, Ethem; Yilmaz, ErdoganThis study was carried out to reveal the present status of sheep farms in Nigde, to detect basic priority problems and to offer some solutions to these problems. In this study, total of 96 sheep farming enterprises were chosen by stratified sampling method to represent the entire province as an example. A survey was conducted to obtain information regarding mating, lambing, milking, shearing, marketing milk and meat, grazing animals status, tools and equipment of sheep enterprises and health protection and feed utilization status. The results of analyzes showed that a large portion (68.8%) of sheep breeders were primary school graduates, while 99% of sheep farms raised only Akkaraman breed 1.0% of them raised only Merino breed, average duration of sheep breeding was 25.7 years, family labor was commonly (63.5%) used as shepherd, the average number of sheep per farm was 314.5 head and the enterprises had also 7.9 head cows, 38.1 head goats, 1.9 horses and 5.2 heads cat and dog. Besides, it was informed that 86.4% of breeders had learned sheep breeding from their ancestors, sheep farming was only source of income for 82.3% of them and was enjoyable job for 10.4% of them. It was also determined that sheep breeding was maintained in highland (40.6%), in highland and settled down (19.8%), in settled down (38.6%), and in nomadic (1.0%) system in Nigde. The 97.9% of sheep enterprises is a member of Nigde Sheep and Goat Breeders Association. Breeders expressed that high feed prices, insufficient pastures area and poor pastures quality were priority problems. They reported that needs to be done to increase in marketing price, improvement of pasture and sheep flock genetic, also increasing the forage crops cultivation area for profitable sheep breeding.Öğe Comparison of machine learning algorithms and multiple linear regression for live weight estimation of Akkaraman lambs(Springer, 2024) Kozakli, Ozge; Ceyhan, Ayhan; Noyan, MevlutThis study was designed to predict the post-weaning weights of Akkaraman lambs reared on different farms using multiple linear regression and machine learning algorithms. The effect of factors the age of the dam, gender, type of lambing, enterprise, type of flock, birth weight, and weaning weight was analyzed. The data was collected from a total of 25,316 Akkaraman lambs raised at multiple farms in the & Ccedil;iftlik District of Ni & gbreve;de province. Comparative analysis was conducted by using multiple linear regression, Random Forest, Support Vector Machines (and Support Vector Regression), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) (and Gradient Boosting), Bayesian Regularized Neural Network, Radial Basis Function Neural Network, Classification and Regression Trees, Exhaustive Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detection (and Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detection), and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines algorithms. In this study, the test dataset was divided into five layers using the K-fold cross-validation method. The performance of models was compared using performance criteria such as Adjusted R-squared (Adj-\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${R}<^>{2}$$\end{document}), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) by utilizing test populations in the predicted models. Additionally, the presence of low standard deviations for these criteria indicates the absence of an overfitting problem. \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${R}<^>{2}$$\end{document}The comparison results showed the Random Forest algorithm had the best predictive performance compared to other algorithms with Adj-\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${R}<^>{2}$$\end{document}, RMSE, MAD, and MAPE values of 0.75, 3.683, 2.876, and 10.112, respectively. In conclusion, the results obtained through Multiple Linear Regression for the live weights of Akkaraman lambs were less accurate than the results obtained through artificial neural network analysis.Öğe Determination of the Effect of Somatic Cell Count on Udder Measurements and Subclinical Mastitis with Data Mining Method(UNIV AGRICULTURE, FAC VETERINARY SCIENCE, 2015) Kucukonder, Hande; Uckardes, Fatih; Ceyhan, Ayhan; Cinar, MahmutIn this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of somatic cell count (SCC) on udder measurements and subclinical mastitis in Holstein cows by data mining method. In the study, the udder measurements and the SCC values of milk samples taken monthly from 79 Holstein cows were used. The Bayesian Net, Decision Table and Nearest Neighbors algorithms were used in the classification of the udder measurements, and model validation is determined by the simple validation method. In the study, it has been found that the best classification model was formed according to the Nearest Neighbors algorithm with the accuracy rate of 97.95% [ Root Mean Square Error (RMSE): 0.07, Mean Absolute Error (MAE):0.01, Root Relative Squared Error-RRSE (%):22.20, Relative Absolute Error -RAE (%): 5.78, Kappa statistic: 0.95]. The effect of udder measurements on subclinical mastitis was found significant for the front teat length (FTL), the distance between rear teats (DBRT), the distance between side teats (DBST), the rear teat height (RTH) (P<0.01) and the rear teat diameter (RTD) (P<0.05). (C) 2015 PVJ. All rights reservedÖğe Effect of parity and type of lambing on performance and udder traits of Bandirma ewes(INDIAN COUNC AGRICULTURAL RES, 2016) Sezenler, Tamer; Ceyhan, Ayhan; Yuksel, Mehmet Akif; Onaldi, Abdullah Taner; Yildirir, MesutThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of parity and lambing type on body condition score (BCS), live weight of ewes (LWE), daily milk yield (DMY), lambs growth performance and udder measurement of ewes during first 3 months of lactation in Bandirma ewes. Bandirma ewes (78) with healthy udders and their lambs (117 heads) were used. BCS of ewes was affected significantly by lambing types at first and third months of lactation, while lambing types were not significant in second month of lactation. Parity of ewes did not significantly affected BCS except third month of lactation which was significantly affected by parity. Effects of lambing types and parity of ewes were significant on BCS at first and third month of lactation. Live weight change of ewes was affected significantly by parity, while lambing types were not significant at first 3 months of lactation. There was a significant effect of parity on average daily milk yield at early lactation stage. Also lambing type had significant effect on DMY at first 2 months of lactation. DMY at third month of lactation were not affected by lambing types. Parity affected lambs growth performance in the first three months of lactation. No significant differences between lambing type and parity of ewes in udder measurement, except udder circumference (UC) measure which was significantly affected by parity and lambing types. The effects of parity of ewes were significant on udder circumference and udder width while the other udder traits were not significant. The effects of birth type of ewes were significant on udder width while the other udder traits were not significant. The positive and significant correlations were observed between udder circumference and udder width and daily milk yield in Bandirma sheep. Significant positive phenotypic correlations were determined between lambs live weight (LLW) and LWE, BCS and DMY, LLW and LWE, DMY and LWE. The results suggested that early stage of lactation of ewe's can be feed supplemented with high energy or high protein for increasing milk production. The control of these physiological stages of ewe may be improved BSC and DMY, also growth performance of lambs. Hence, we recommend that early stage of lactation performance and udder measurements of ewes are to be taken into consideration for selection programme of Bandirma sheep.Öğe Effect of somatic cell count on milk yield and composition of first and second lactation dairy cows(PAGEPRESS PUBL, 2015) Cinar, Mahmut; Serbester, Ugur; Ceyhan, Ayhan; Gorgulu, MuratThis study was carried out to investigate the effect of somatic cell count (SCC) on milk yield and milk composition in first and second lactation Holstein dairy cows. Thirty cows in first lactation and 49 cows in second lactation were used in the study. Animals were 15 +/- 9.87 days in milk. Individual milk samples were collected monthly from June 2009 to March 2010, and somatic cell counts, milk protein, milk fat, lactose and milk urea-N were determined. Four SCC groups were formed for determining effect of SCC on milk yield and composition. These groups were as follows: <= 200, 201-500, 501-999, and >= 1.000x10(3) cell/mL. It was observed that SCC had a high significant effect on milk yield, milk protein, milk lactose (P<0.01), total solids and milk urea-N (P<0.05), however, the effect of SCC on milk fat was not significant (P>0.05). This study indicates that high SCC negatively affects not only milk yield but also milk composition and quality.Öğe Hayvanlarda Önemli Ekonomik Özellikler için Genom Çapında İlişkilendirme Çalışmaları: Derleme(2024) Hasan, Mubeen Ul; Ceyhan, AyhanGenom Çapında İlişkilendirme Çalışmaları (GWAS), çiftlik hayvanlarında üretim özellikleriyle ilişkili önemli Kantitatif Özellik Lokuslarını (QTL) belirlemek için önemli bir araç olduğunu kanıtlamıştır. GWAS, genomda bulunan Tek Nükleotid Polimorfizmini (SNP) tanımlamaya ve daha sonra tanımlanan SNP'leri ekonomik açıdan önemli özelliklerle ilişkilendirmeye yardımcı olur. Hayvan yetiştiriciliğinde süt üretimi, et üretimi, yağ ve protein içeriği, et kalitesi, yavru verimi, büyüme oranı, doğurganlık, yapağı kalitesi vb. ile ilgili birçok SNP daha önce tanımlanmıştır. Bu önemli SNP'ler koyun, sığır, keçi, tavuk, manda ve yak gibi ekonomik açıdan önemli hayvanlarda tanımlanmıştır. GWAS, bir DNA çipi yardımıyla büyük popülasyon genomlarının taranmasına ve hayvan ıslah programı için gerekli olan genomik bölgelerin belirlenmesine yardımcı olur. Belirlenen bu SNP'ler, bireysel hayvanlar arasındaki üretim farklılıklarını anlamak için bir popülasyondaki hayvanların genomları arasındaki fark hakkında bilgi sağlayabilir. İnsan nüfusundaki hızlı artış ve kişi başına düşen üretimin artması, hayvansal ürünlerin veriminde uygun bir artış gerektirmektedir. Bu önemli QTL'lerin tanımlanması, küresel gıda talebini karşılamak üzere hayvansal ürün veriminin artırılması için gereklidir. Bu derleme tavuk, sığır, keçi ve koyunlarda GWAS ile ilgili genomik çalışmalara odaklanacaktır. Ayrıca, bu çalışma GWAS'ın artan gıda talebini karşılamak için hayvanlarda önemli ekonomik özelliklerin üretim seviyesini artırmaya nasıl yardımcı olduğunu vurgulayacaktır.Öğe Improvement studies on mutton sheep for Marmara region conditions: I. fertility, lamb survival, and growth traits of lambs(SCIENTIFIC TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY-TUBITAK, 2011) Ceyhan, Ayhan; Sezenler, Tamer; Erdogan, Ismail; Torun, OsmanThe present study was conducted to compare the fertility of ewes, the survival rates, and the growth performance of lambs that were crossbred by mating German Black-Headed Mutton (GBM) rams with Kivircik ewes. The average lambing rates of the GBM x K(F(1)), Bandirma-I and Bandirma-II genotype, and Kivircik ewes were 80.00%, 75.73%, 76.78%, and 83.72%, respectively. The differences in lambing rates between the genotypes were significant (P < 0.01). The genotypes had a significant effect on litter size at birth, but not on fecundity. The differences in lambs' survival rates between the genotypes were significant (P < 0.05). The birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), and yearling live weight (YLW) of the lambs were 3.77 kg, 34.11 kg, and 43.71 kg for the GBM x K (F(1)); 3.74 kg, 32.98 kg, and 44.91 kg for the Bandirma-I; 3.73 kg, 33.18 kg, and 45.71 kg for the Bandirma-II; and 3.45 kg, 30.92 kg, and 42.22 kg for the Kivircik lambs. The results of this study showed that crossbreeding between the GBM and Kivircik breed did not significantly increase lamb production. However, crossbred lambs did not have signifi cant survival problems when compared to native Kivircik lambs and had higher growth performance than purebred Kivircik lambs.Öğe Influence of Year, Parity and Birth Type on Milk Yield and Milk Components of Bandirma Sheep (German Black Head Mutton x Kivircik)(ANKARA UNIV, FAC AGR, 2016) Sezenler, Tamer; Ceyhan, Ayhan; Yuksel, Mehmet Akif; Koncagul, Seyrani; Soysal, Deniz; Yildirir, MesutThis study was conducted to investigate the effects of year, parity and birth type (BT) on lactation milk yield (LMY), adjusted lactation milk yield based on 150 days lactation length (LMY150), lactation length (LL), average daily milk yield (ADMY) and milk components (MC) of Bandirma sheep. The study was carried out with 54 ewes in 2011 and 70 ewes in 2012 under semi-intensive conditions. LMY, LMY150, LL and ADMY of Bandirma sheep were determined as 70.31 kg, 73.29 kg, 142.02 days and 488.19 g, respectively. The effect of the year on LL was significant (P<0.01), but the effects of parity and BT were not significant. The effects of the year and parity were significant (P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively) on LMY, LMY150 and ADMY, but the effect of BT was not significant. Fat, protein, lactose, total dry matter (DM) and non-fat dry matter (NFDM) were determined as 5.26%, 6.11%, 3.29%, 15.49% and 10.23%, respectively. Highly significant positive correlations were determined between fat content and DM (r=0.998; P<0.01) and between fat content and NFDM (r=0.949; P<0.01), whereas fat content was negatively correlated with ADMY (r=-0.992; P<0.01) and lactose content (r=-0.957; P<0.01). Significant negative correlations (P<0.01) were found between lactose content and other milk components except for protein content and ADMY. The results indicated that despite being a mutton type crossbred, lactation characteristics and MC of Bandirma sheep are also considerable.Öğe Influence of year, parity and birth type on milk yield and milk components of Bandırma sheep (German black head mutton x kıvırcık)(Ankara University, 2016) Sezenler, Tamer; Ceyhan, Ayhan; Yüksel, Mehmet Akif; Koncagül, Seyrani; Soysal, Deniz; Yildirir, MesutThis study was conducted to investigate the effects of year, parity and birth type (BT) on lactation milk yield (LMY), adjusted lactation milk yield based on 150 days lactation length (LMY150), lactation length (LL), average daily milk yield (ADMY) and milk components (MC) of Bandırma sheep. The study was carried out with 54 ewes in 2011 and 70 ewes in 2012 under semi-intensive conditions. LMY, LMY150, LL and ADMY of Bandırma sheep were determined as 70.31 kg, 73.29 kg, 142.02 days and 488.19 g, respectively. The effect of the year on LL was significant (P<0.01), but the effects of parity and BT were not significant. The effects of the year and parity were significant (P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively) on LMY, LMY150 and ADMY, but the effect of BT was not significant. Fat, protein, lactose, total dry matter (DM) and non-fat dry matter (NFDM) were determined as 5.26%, 6.11%, 3.29%, 15.49% and 10.23%, respectively. Highly significant positive correlations were determined between fat content and DM (r= 0.998; P<0.01) and between fat content and NFDM (r= 0.949; P<0.01), whereas fat content was negatively correlated with ADMY (r= -0.992; P<0.01) and lactose content (r= -0.957; P<0.01). Significant negative correlations (P<0.01) were found between lactose content and other milk components except for protein content and ADMY. The results indicated that despite being a mutton type crossbred, lactation characteristics and MC of Bandırma sheep are also considerable. © Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi.Öğe Kid growth performance and reproductive characteristics of Hair goats raised under breeder conditions(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2022) Ceyhan, Ayhan; Cinar, Mahmut; Serbester, UgurIn the study, fertility parameters of Hair goats and the growth performance of kids raised under farmer conditions were investigated. The data of birth weight of 28,768 kids, the body weight of 27,541 kids aged d 90, and reproductive parameters of 26,693 does were used between 2013 and 2017 years. The birth weights of Hair goat kids born in 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017 years were 2.36, 2.46, 2.56, 2.61, and 2.61 kg, whereas body weights detected on the d 90 were 15.2, 12.7, 12.8, 13.1, and 14.5 kg, respectively. Year, sex, birth type, and age of does affect significantly the birth and body weight of the kids on d 90 (p < 0.01). The survival rate detected on d 90 of kids was 100%, 98.7%, 94.5%, 93.9%, and 91.8% in 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017 years, respectively. The effect of year on the viability of kids was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.01). Twinning rates of does were 3.5%, 5.7%, 9.5%, 12.4%, and 6.5%; kid yields per birth was 1.00, 1.00, 1.09, 1.12, and 1.00 in 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017 years, respectively. The average birth rate was 91.9%, whereas the infertility rate was 8.1%. It was concluded that year, sex, and birth type influenced the kid growth performance of Hair goats due to variations in environmental factors such as management and feeding system. Therefore, if the management practices, nutrition, and health issues are improved, the growth performance of Hair goat kids and some reproductive parameters of Hair goats may be better.Öğe Koloni Verimliliğini Artıran Yeni Bir Kovan Modeli(2019) Akyol, Ethem; Ceyhan, Ayhan; Güneşdoğdu, MustafaGezginci arıcılık; koloni verimliliğinin artırılmasında önemli bir uygulama olmakla birlikte sonzamanlarda kolonilerin nakliyesinde için işçi bulmak önemli bir sorun haline gelmeye başlamıştır.Arı taşımacılığının genellikle iller arasında ve gece saatlerinde yapılması zorunluluğu, ayrıca arısokması problemleri nedeniyle çalıştıracak eleman bulunamaması sorununu da beraberindegetirmiştir. Gezginci arıcılıkta taşımacılığın iller arasında yapılması yanında, kolonileri hemyüklerken hem de indirirken ayrı işçilik giderleri gerektirmesi de işletme giderlerini artıran bir diğerfaktördür. Bunun sonucu olarak da arıların taşınmasında işçi bulmak hem güç olmakta hem de işçilikmaliyetlerinin yüksek olması nedeniyle gezginci arıcılık ekonomik olmaktan uzaklaşmaktadır.Sürekli artan yakıt fiyatlarıyla birlikte nakliye giderlerinin de artması gezginci arıcılığı olumsuzetkileyen bir diğer olumsuzluktur. Arı yükleme ve indirmede yaşanan bu problemlerden dolayı birarıcı konakladığı yerden memnun olmasa da kolonilerinin yerini hızlıca değiştirememekte ve sezonuverimsiz bir şekilde geçirmek zorunda kalmaktadır.Öğe Laktasyon başlangıcındaki süt sığırı rasyonlarında fitoaktif madde katkısının üreme performansına etkileri(2011) Serbester, Uğur; Çınar, Mahmut; Erdem, Hüseyin; Ceyhan, Ayhan; Görgülü, Murat; Yücelt, Özcan[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Milk Production and Composition in Camel and Its Beneficial Uses: A Review(2019) Ali, Wajid; Akyol, Ethem; Ceyhan, Ayhan; Dilawar, Sadia; Firdous, Asia; Qasim, Muhammad; Ahmad, MuhammadGlobally, 16.9% of milk used by humans is taken from different species other than a cow. Thesespecies are sheep, horse, yak, ass, goat, camel and buffalo. The global camel (Camelus dromedarius)population is about 34 million head with sharing of almost 0.4% of world’s non-cattle milk. Withinthe last 20 years, the curiosity of camel farming is amassed remarkably in different countries of theworld including the Netherland, Italy and USA for camel milk production. The camel is consideredas a goal animal of the 21st century because it produces high quality milk under extreme temperature,deficiency of pasture and dearth of water. The average milk production of camel fluctuates from 4to 30 lt with lactation length ranges from 9 to18 months having peak yield in second to the thirdmonth of lactation. Camel’s milk is used globally because of its salty taste, high vitamin Cconcentration and its medicinal properties. Nevertheless, it gives many valuable benefits such astreatment of autism, control diabetes and allergy, prevention from liver cirrhosis and replacer of cowmilk to avoid an infant’s allergic reaction. The camel milk is a natural treatment of diabetes as it hasa substantial result in a decrease of mean blood glucose and conserves necessary insulin doses.Camel milk constitutes of protein (2.5-4.5%), fat (2.9-5.5%), solid not fat (8.9 -14.3%), ash (0.35-0.95%), lactose (2.9-5.8%) and water (86.3-88.5%) as mean specific gravity is 1.03. Due to itsdistinct properties, the consumption of camel milk is increasing day by day and a number ofindustries are working to promote camel milk production and processing. Therefore, the tenacity ofthis review article is to explicate the beneficial uses and production of camel milk over the globe.Öğe Modelling of Growth Curve Models According to Sex in Akkaraman Lambs with Different Methods: Logistik and Gompertz Modeling Example(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2022) Kozakli, Ozge; Ceyhan, Ayhan; Ziya-Firat, MehmetIn this study, the live weight data of Akkaraman lambs reared in Nigde Omer Halisdemir University Ayhan Sahenk Agricultural Research Application and Research Center were analyzed. Among the growth curve models, Logistic and Gompertz growth models were estimated using Least Squares Estimation (LSE), Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Bayesian methods. LSE and Maximum Likelihood methods, which are from the frequency methods, were compared with other AIC, AICC and BIC values and the results suggested that the best model for both genders was LSE Gompertz model. For the Bayesian method, LSE estimation information used as a priori. The Gompertz model was selected for the two genders by comparing the models estimated with the Bayesian method according to their DIC values. At the end of the study, parameter point estimates of Gompertz Model for male Akkaraman lambs were beta(0) = 86.296, beta(1) = 2.778, beta(2) = 0.014; while parameter point values for female Akkaraman lambs were beta(0) = 54.784 beta(1) = 2.453, beta(2) = 0.014. In addition, the distributions of the model parameters with the Bayesian approach were estimated by the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method, and it was decided that the expected adult body weight of male Akkaraman lambs was higher than that of female Akkaraman lambs.Öğe Niğde İlinde Yetiştirilen Akkaraman Irkı Koyunların Bazı Döl Verim Özellikleri ve Kuzuların Büyüme Performansı(2019) Ceyhan, Ayhan; Şekeroğl, Ahmet; Duman, MustafaBu çalışmada, yarı ekstansif koşullarda yetiştirilen Akkaraman koyunlarının bazı döl verimözellikleri ile kuzuların büyüme performansları araştırılmıştır. Araştırmanın hayvan materyalini,Niğde merkez ilçesine bağlı 34 işletmede bulunan 300 baş koç, 6000 baş Akkaraman koyunu ileonların kuzuları oluşturmuştur. Araştırma 2012-2016 yılları arasında 5 yıl sürdürülmüş ve çalışmasüresince 30162 baş kuzu doğum ağırlığı, 29517 baş kuzunun 90. gün canlı ağırlığı ve 30000 başAkkaraman koyununun bazı döl verim parametreleri saptanmıştır. Akkaraman koyunlarında doğumoranı ortalama %90,1, ikiz doğum oranı %20,8, bir doğuma düşen kuzu sayısı 1,12 olaraksaptanmıştır. Akkaraman ırkı kuzuların doğum ağırlığının ortalaması 4,23 kg ve 90. gün canlı ağırlıkortalaması da 23,05 kg olarak belirlenmiştir. Kuzuların doğum ağırlıkları ve 90. gün canlı ağırlıklarıüzerine yıl, doğum tipi ve cinsiyetin etkisi önemli bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, halk elinde yarıekstansif koşullarda yetiştirilen Akkaraman ırkı koyunların döl verimi ve kuzuların büyümeözelliklerinin iyileştirilebileceği ve bunun gibi ıslah projelerinin uygulanması ile koyunculukişletmelerin ekonomik durumlarının iyileştirilebileceği kanaatine varılmıştır.Öğe Reproductive Performance and Lamb Growth Characteristics of Ramlic Sheep(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2010) Ceyhan, Ayhan; Sezenler, Tamer; Yildirir, Mesut; Erdogan, IsmailThis study was carried out to investigate some reproductive and lamb growth performance of Ramlic sheep in 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 years. The effect of year was found significant on fecundity and litter size of the ewes. The average fecundity, litter size and lamb survival rate of Ramlic ewes were 0.79, 1.13 and, 94.9%, respectively. The birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW) and six month live weight (SMLW) for male and female lambs were 4.63 kg and 4.20 kg, 30.92 and 26.94 kg, 37.40 and 33.21 kg, respectively. The effect of age of dam, year, birth type and sex were significant on BW, WW and ADWG of lambs. The average daily weight gain of lambs at weaning was 286.88 g and male and female lambs were 303.62 g and 270.13 g, respectively.Öğe Some Descriptive Characteristics of Saanen Goat Raised in Marmara Livestock Research Institute(ANKARA UNIV, FAC AGR, 2009) Ceyhan, Ayhan; Karadag, OrhanThis study was conducted to determine some reproductive characteristics, kid's growth characteristic, mature live weight and body measurements of Saanen goat in Maramara Livestock Research Institute. Kidding rate, infertility, fecundity, viability of kids, gestation length, estrous cycle length first mating age and weight, kidding age were found as 81.7%, 18.3%, 1.6, 89.6%, 150.1 day, 21 day, 7.7 month, 28.9 kg and 12.8 month, respectively. The effects of birth type and age of dam on gestation length were found significant (P<0.01), but the effect of sex were not found significant. The average mature doe live weight, buck weight, birth weight, weaning weight, daily live weight gain from birth to weaning period of the kids were found as 49.0 kg, 67.3 kg, 2.9 kg 12.6 kg and 136 g, respectively. The effects of sex, birth type and age of goat on birth and weaning weight for Saanen kids were found significant.Öğe Some descriptive characteristics of saanen goat raised in marmara livestock research institute(Ankara University, 2009) Ceyhan, Ayhan; Karada?, OrhanThis study was conducted to determine some reproductive characteristics, kid's growth characteristic, mature live weight and body measurements of Saanen goat in Maramara Livestock Research Institute. Kidding rate, infertility, fecundity, viability of kids, gestation length, estrous cycle length first mating age and weight, kidding age were found as 81.7%, 18.3%, 1.6, 89.6%, 150.1 day, 21 day, 7.7 month, 28.9 kg and 12.8 month, respectively. The effects of birth type and age of dam on gestation length were found significant (P<0.01), but the effect of sex were not found significant. The average mature doe live weight, buck weight, birth weight, weaning weight, daily live weight gain from birth to weaning period of the kids were found as 49.0 kg, 67.3 kg, 2.9 kg 12.6 kg and 136 g, respectively. The effects of sex, birth type and age of goat on birth and weaning weight for Saanen kids were found significant.Öğe The Comparison of Milk and Reproductive Performance of Saanen and Saanen × Hair Goat Crossbreds (F1, B1 & B2) and Growth Performance of their Kids in Semi-Intensive Production System(2019) Yıldırır, Mesut; Karadağ, Orhan; Yılmaz, Mustafa; Yüksel, Mehmet Akif; Sezenler, Tamer; Ceyhan, AyhanThe aims of this study were to evaluate the traits of reproductive, milking and growth performance of Saanen and Saanen × Hair crossbreds (F1, B1 and B2) raised at the Bandırma Sheep Research Institute. The data were collected from 868 goats for reproductive performance and milk yield and from 1077 kids for survival performance between 2009-2012. Milk components (fat, protein, lactose and non-fat dry matter) of goats (n=162) and body weight changes of kid’s (n=64) were evaluated for one year in 2012. Estrus rates and survival rates were similar among all genotypes. Kidding rate was significantly higher in F1 goats than Saanen goats. Saanen goat had the lowest average mean daily milk yield compared with other genotypes. The effect of year and age were significant on milk yield. Goats in F1 and B1 genotypes had higher milk protein percentage and non-fat dry matter content in comparison with Saanen and B2 genotype. Milk fat and lactose contents were similar among genotypes. Birth weight and monthly live weight were similar between genotypes while weaning weight, six month live weight and yearling live weight were higher in B1 kids in comparison with Saanen kids. The effect of dam age and birth type were significant on birth weight, monthly live weight and weaning weight. The findings related to performance characteristics in goatgenotypes investigated show that B1 genotype could be recommend for semi-intensive production system in the Western Anatolia.Öğe The comparison of some reproduction traits and lambs growth performance of ex situ and in situ conserved Kivircik Sheep(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2014) Sezenler, Tamer; Ceyhan, Ayhan; Yildirir, Mesut; Erdogan, IsmailThe objective of this study is to compare the reproductive performance of the ewes, the lambs' growth characteristics, and the variable costs in the sheep enterprises for ex situ and in situ conserved Kivircik sheep flocks. In total, 1841 ewes were included in the study. The ex situ Kivircik sheep flock had 929 ewes and the in situ Kivircik sheep flock had 912 ewes and their 1864 lambs were born in the months of January and February from 2007 to 2011. The lambing rates of the in situ and the ex situ flocks were 83.9% and 74.7% (P < 0.01), respectively, the differences in the results were significant between the conservation types. The fecundity of the in situ and the ex situ flocks was 1.1 and 1,0 lambs (P < 0.01), and litter size was the same (1.3, P > 0.05). The least squares means of the birth weight, the weaning weight at the 90th day of the lambs, and the post-weaning daily live weight gain of the in situ and ex situ conserved lambs were 4.2 and 3.7 kg (P < 0.01), 25.4 and 24.9 kg (P < 0.01), and 234 and 234.3 g/day (P > 0.05), respectively. The average mean survival rate of the in situ and the ex situ conserved lambs were 96.2% and 90.0%, respectively, and differences were significant (P < 0.01) between the conservation types. In the ex situ sheep enterprises, proportional profit was 0.62, in other words, each 100(sic) expense corresponds to a loss of 38(sic). However, for the in situ sheep enterprise, this ratio was 1.17, meaning that each 100 expense corresponds to a profit of 17(sic). The present study demonstrated that the in situ conserved Kivircik sheep had higher growth performance, higher lamb survival rate and was more profitable than the ex situ conserved Kivircik sheep. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
