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Öğe Detection and molecular characterization of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum’ in apricot and plum orchards of Nigde, Turkey(Technology Society of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2023) Ekemen, Muhammet; Serce, Cigdem UlubasThis study was conducted to evaluate the European stone fruit yellows disease associated with ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum’ presence in apricot and plum trees grown in Nigde province of Turkey. A comprehensive study was conducted in 18 orchards from 4 districts. Leaf-rolling symptoms only were observed in orchards. The presence of the ‘Ca. P. prunorum’ was detected utilizing nested PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses. Ten out of 41 samples from both symptomatic and asymptomatic plant samples resulted positive to the phytoplasma presence. ‘Ca. P. prunorum’ was identified in samples from five out of 23 apricot and five out of 18 plum trees in both the Ulukisla and Central districts therefore the overall percentage of infected plants was 24.39%. This suggest that this phytoplasma must be considered as a significant potential threat to these locations because of its transmission by insect vectors. Careful and proactive investigation of the aforementioned pathogen is imperative, as its potential to spread to neighboring areas and amplify the pathogenicity of other possible pathogens underscores the need for a comprehensive mapping of the dynamics of pest and pathogen transmission in the region. © 2023, Technology Society of Basic and Applied Sciences. All rights reserved.Öğe Detection of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma mali' and 'Candidatus Phytoplasma pronotum' in Apple Trees(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2024) Meral, Harun; Ekemen, Muhammet; Ulubas-Serce, CigdemThe apple orchards in Ni & gbreve;de, Turkiye were surveyed for 'Candidatus Phytoplasma mali' associated with apple proliferation disease, and the suspicious samples were tested by PCR-RFLP methods. A comprehensive study was conducted which included sampling from a total of 19 orchards from four different districts. The samples were collected according to the major symptoms of phytoplasma disease which were foliar reddening, witches' brooms, leaf rosettes, yellowing, longer peduncles and development of undersized fruits. It was determined that six out of 62 plant samples were infected with phytoplasma. Also, two out of six infected samples were determined as infected by 'Ca. P. mali' and unexpectedly four out of six infected samples were determined as infected disease. Even if the incidence of the disease (9.7%) was low, the characterized phytoplasmas were considered a significant potential threat for these locations.Öğe Investigation of etiology on grapevine roditis leaf discoloration associated virus(Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi / Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2021) Ekemen, Muhammet; Ulubaş Serçe, ÇiğdemAsma Roditis yaprak renk değişikliği ilişkili virus (GRLDaV) ile enfekteli, Adana ilindeki bağda (Vitis vinifera cv. Yalova İncisi) virus tanısı için en iyi örnekleme zamanı ve dokusunu araştırmak amacıyla bir yıllık çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir; ve ayrıca olası unlubit vektör Planococcus ficus (Signoret) ile virüs taşıma deneyleriyapılmıştır. Asma örnekleri, mevsime göre bulunabildiğinde yaprak, yaprak sapı, sürgün floemi, sülük, meyve kabuğu ve tohumlardan Temmuz 2019-Haziran 2020 arasında aylık olarak toplanmıştır. Örnekler, toplam nükleik asit (TNA) PCR ile test edilmiştir. GRLDaV Nisan ve Ağustos aylarında toplanan örneklerde daha güvenilir şekilde tespit edilmiştir. Sürgünlerden kazınan floem dokuları virus teshisi için en uygun doku olarak belirlenmiştir. GRLDaV sülük, meyve kabuğu ve asma tohumlarından da tespit edilebilmiştir. GRLDaV Pl. ficus ile cv 'Yalova İncisi' asma çeşidine semi-persistent olarak taşınabilmiştir. Virüs aktarımı 24 saat edinim erişim süresi (AAP)/24 saat aşılama erişim süresi (IAP)'nde, 48 saatlik ve 72 saatlik AAP/IAP'den daha etkin olarak taşınmıştır. Elde edilen bilgiler, asmalarda GRLDaV'nin etiyolojisini ve risk faktörlerini daha iyi değerlendirmeye yardımcı olacak ve hastalık yönetimi için önlemler almak için kullanılabilecektir.Öğe Transmission of grapevine Roditis leaf discolouration-associated virus by the vine mealybug, Planococcus ficus (Signoret) in Turkey(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Ulubas-Serce, Cigdem; Ekemen, Muhammet; Kaydan, Mehmet BoraGrapevine Roditis leaf discolouration-associated virus (GRLDaV) is from Badnavirus decoloratiovitis species, which is a member of the genus Badnavirus, associated with Roditis leaf discolouration disease. Although mealybug transmission of GRLDaV by Planococcus ficus has been demonstrated elsewhere, its role in the transmission has not been shown in different grapevine varieties, isolates, acquisition periods (AP) and inoculation periods (IP). Individiual P. ficus was collected from a vineyard in Adana, Turkey and used for insect culture establishment for the transmission studies. Virus transmission experiments to the Vitis vinifera cv. Yalova Incisi via P. ficus was carried out using a local GRLDaV isolate by applying AP-IP for 24 , 48 h or 72 h. The virus was transmitted by P. ficus in all AP-IP trials (100%, 60%, and 20% of recipient vines infected after 24 , 48 h, and 72 h, respectively). GRLDaV was first detected in the recipient grapevines four weeks after transmission. The results showed that P. ficus transmitted GRLDaV in a semipersistent manner. All the virus infected vines in the experiment showed initial leaf symptoms of yellow vein banding and/or discolouration, followed by yellow and/or reddish discolouration of the leaves in late summer, as observed in GRLDaV-infected vines in the field.
