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    How Does the Social Support Affect Refugees' Life Satisfaction in Turkey? Stress as a Mediator, Social Aids and Coronavirus Anxiety as Moderators
    (Mdpi, 2021) Ekmen, Eymen; Kocak, Orhan; Solmaz, Umut; Kopuz, Koray; Younis, Mustafa Z.; Orman, Deniz
    The number of refugees has increased exponentially due to international crises, wars, and political pressures in recent years worldwide. Turkey hosts the largest refugee population in the world with 3,672,646 Syrian refugees. This study aimed to examine the relationship among refugees' stress, life satisfaction, social support, coronavirus anxiety, and social aids they get during the COVID-19 process. We hypothesized that stress, social aids, and coronavirus anxiety could play a role in the relationship between life satisfaction, stress, and social support. A cross-sectional survey was used to collect data from 628 Syrian refugees via an online questionnaire in Turkey. Confirmatory factor, correlation, and multiple regression analyses were conducted. In addition, the moderator and mediator role of variables tested using the 95% bias-corrected confidence interval from 5000 resamples was generated by the bias-corrected bootstrapping method. The study results show that stress partially mediated the relationship between family support and life satisfaction and between friend support and life satisfaction. In addition, coronavirus anxiety had a moderating effect on the relationship between family support and stress and friend support and stress. Finally, social aids moderated the relationship between stress and life satisfaction. In conclusion, the role of social aids, stress, and coronavirus anxiety in the relationship between social support, stress, and life satisfaction has been revealed.
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    The Association of COVID-19 Fear, Age, Economic Anxiety with Life Satisfaction in Syrian Refugees: The Moderated Mediation Model
    (Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Kopuz, Koray; Ekmen, Eymen; Duruel, Mehmet; Kocak, Orhan
    Life satisfaction is about evaluating life quality. COVID-19 fear affecting individuals' well-being might cause negativities. COVID-19 fear and life satisfaction were examined with many variables, such as distress, well-being, and mental health. Focusing on the social work perspective, this study aims to examine COVID-19 fear's indirect effect on life satisfaction through economic anxiety, which is important for refugees and not previously considered. It also aims to examine how this indirect effect varies depending on the age. Between July 2021 and June 2022, 615 Syrian refugees from Turkey participated in this cross-sectional study. This study used the Hayes' PROCESS macro. The results showed that the COVID-19 fear's negative indirect effect on life satisfaction through economic anxiety is statistically significant. Furthermore, moderated mediation analysis revealed that the negative indirect effect varies depending on the refugees' age, and this effect becomes stronger as age increases. Therefore, policymakers need to consider the age and situations that may cause economic anxiety, such as uninsured employment and easy dismissal refugees often encounter, in social work policies. In future studies, different variables related to the crisis might be discussed within various perspectives on similar crises.