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Öğe Are affective factors a good predictor of science achievement? Examining the role of affective factors based on PISA 2006(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2013) Ozel, Murat; Caglak, Serdar; Erdogan, MehmetThis study investigated how affective factors like attitude and motivation contribute to science achievement in PISA 2006 using linear structural modeling. The data set of PISA 2006 collected from 4942 fifteen-year-old Turkish students (2290 females, 2652 males) was used for the statistical analyses. A total of 42 selected items on a four point Likert-type scale were initially subjected to Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) resulting in seven factors with total variance of 64.82%. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was later performed for cross-validation of factor structures of PISA 2006 data. Furthermore, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was also utilized to test the proposed model representing the relationship among affective factors and Turkish students' science achievement scores in PISA 2006. The results indicated that the hypothesized model fits data well. The results also revealed that, in general, affective factors contributed significantly either positively or negatively to 15 year-old students' science achievement. In addition, affective factors were observed to be predictors of the science achievement based on PISA 2006 Turkish data set, but they are not good predictors due to their low magnitude. In light of the findings, implications are presented for further studies. Crown Copyright (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe ASSESSMENT OF PRESERVICE TEACHERS' KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES REGARDING BIOTECHNOLOGY: A CROSS-CULTURAL COMPARISON(SCI METHODICAL CTR-SCI EDUCOLOGICA, 2012) Erdogan, Mehmet; Ozel, Murat; BouJaoude, Saouma; Lamanauskas, Vincentas; Usak, Muhammet; Prokop, PavolThis study examines the level of knowledge of and attitudes toward biotechnology of preservice teachers from Lebanon, Lithuania, Slovakia and Turkey. Data were gathered from a total of 768 preservice teachers from these four countries. The Biotechnology Knowledge Questionnaire and the Biotechnology Attitude Questionnaire were used for data collection. Three-way MANOVA was conducted to analyze the cross-cultural data. The results revealed that preservice teachers' knowledge of biotechnology in all four samples was below average. The results also demonstrated that there were significant differences in attitude towards biotechnology among preservice teachers in the four countries. In addition, significant gender differences were observed between male and females. Implications for teaching and further research are discussed.Öğe Beginning Secondary Science Teachers' Conceptualization and Enactment of Inquiry-Based Instruction(Wiley, 2013) Ozel, Murat; Luft, Julie A.This study investigates the conceptions and use of inquiry during classroom instruction among beginning secondary science teachers. The 44 participants were beginning secondary science teachers in their first year of teaching. In order to capture the participants' conceptions of inquiry, the teachers were interviewed and observed during the school year. The interviews consisted of questions about inquiry instruction, while the observations documented the teachers' use of inquiry. All of the interviews were transcribed or coded in order to understand the conceptions of inquiry held by the teachers, and all of the observations were analyzed in order to determine the presence of inquiry during the lesson. The standard for assessing inquiry came from the National Science Education Standards. A quantitative analysis of the data indicated that the teachers frequently talked about implementing scientific questions and giving priority to evidence. This study found a consistency between the way new teachers talked about inquiry and the way they practiced it in their classrooms. Overall, our observations and interviews revealed that the beginning secondary science teachers tended to enact teacher-centered forms of inquiry, and could benefit from induction programs focused on inquiry instruction.Öğe Children's Images of Scientists: Does Grade Level Make a Difference?(EDAM, 2012) Ozel, MuratThe purpose of this study was to assess children's images of scientists by using the Draw-A-Scientist Test and to determine if differences in these images exist between grade levels. The DAST was administered to 243 children who were enrolled in kindergarten (aged 6) and grade 3 and 5 (aged 9 and 11). Findings obtained from the study revealed that, in general, children possess stereotypical views of scientists using the DAST with their drawings displaying fewer indicators of the stereotypic model on average. Results indicated that there are significant differences in students' stereotypical images of scientists depending on grade level. The results also showed that fifth grade students created images of scientists with more stereotypical elements compared to drawings created by students in kindergarten and grade 3.Öğe ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS' IDEAS ABOUT WATER TRANSPORT IN PLANTS(SCI METHODICAL CTR-SCI EDUCOLOGICA, 2008) Cokadar, Hulusi; Ozel, MuratResearch into students' ideas showed that students' interpretations of natural phenomena often differ from those of scientists. The aim of this study was to identify elementary level students' ideas about water transport in plants. A questionnaire with three open-ended items and multiple choice question was administered to 591 students from 7 primary schools. Students' ideas were examined in five categories using content analysis technique. The students' responses with sound understanding for the "need for water," for the "water uptake", and for the "water loss" in plants took place in the interval of 2 to 10 percent, 16 to 30 percent, and 2 to 4 percent, respectively. Half of the students' responses showed that the teacher was the main source of information about plants.Öğe Interest in Birds and its Relationship with Attitudes and Myths: A Cross-cultural Study in Countries with Different Levels of Economic Development(EDAM, 2015) Hummel, Eberhard; Ozel, Murat; Medina-Jerez, William; Fancovicova, Jana; Usak, Muhammet; Prokop, Pavol; Randler, ChristophBirds are one of the most important species that can help protect biodiversity. Although birds are important beings for biodiversity and human existence, there is a relatively less quantity of research that has investigated the interest in and attitudes toward birds. This study aims to investigate the knowledge level of and attitudes toward birds among students in countries at different levels of economic development. To collect the data, a Bird Knowledge Questionnaire and a Bird Attitude Questionnaire were developed and used by the researchers in this study. These questionnaires were administered to a total of 852 students from different countries, including Colombia, Germany, Slovakia, and Turkey. The results obtained in this study showed that Colombian students had the highest interest in birds as compared to students in Slovakia, Turkey, and Germany. Girls had consistently higher interest in birds than boys in all countries, but there were no gender differences in the cognitive domain. Our research suggests that factual knowledge about birds is not a necessary prerequisite for interest in birds, but animal-related activities show strong associations with an interest in birds.Öğe Knowledge about and acceptance of genetically modified organisms among pre-service teachers: a comparative study of Turkey and Slovenia(UNIV CATOLICA DE VALPARAISO, 2011) Sorgo, Andrej; Ambrozic-Dolinsek, Jana; Usak, Muhammet; Ozel, MuratGenetically modified organisms cannot be regarded as merely a topic for academic debate, since these have serious implications as a research field and for production based on genetic engineering. Public debates rarely base their arguments on elements rooted in scientific arguments and knowledge but are heavily loaded with emotions, opinions and informal reasoning. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and acceptance of genetically modified organisms among prospective teachers in Slovenia and Turkey. Knowledge of genetic modification was measured with a two-tier instrument. The level of acceptance of genetic modification was measured with a 17-item instrument. Findings revealed that knowledge of genetics and biotechnology barely influenced the acceptability of genetic modification, and correlations are low. The relationship between knowledge and acceptance was not significant among Slovenian students and while significant for the Turkish or combined groups, the r values were only 0.179 and 0.244. It was found that differences in the acceptability of clusters of different kinds of genetically modified organisms do exist between the two countries. In both countries, participants recognized microorganisms and plants that produce something useful as the most acceptable organisms, while at the other end were animals used for consumption or as donors of organs. Practical implications for teaching are discussed and implications for further studies are drawn.Öğe Tolerance of Frogs among High School Students: Influences of Disgust and Culture(MODESTUM LTD, 2016) Prokop, Pavol; Medina-Jerez, William; Coleman, Joy; Fancovicova, Jana; Ozel, Murat; Fedor, PeterAmphibians play an important role in the functioning of ecosystems and some of them inhabit human gardens where they can successfully reproduce. The decline of amphibian diversity worldwide suggests that people may play a crucial role in their survival. We conducted a cross-cultural study on high school students' tolerance of frogs in Chile, Slovakia, South Africa and Turkey (n = 655 high school students). We found that about 6 % of students reported active killing of frogs and 30 % reported moving frogs away from their home gardens. Pathogen disgust negatively correlated with frog tolerance suggesting that people who are more sensitive to pathogen conoting cues are less tolerant toward frogs. Tolerance of frogs in parents or other family members appears to significantly influence student tolerance of frogs. Females tended to show higher tolerance of frogs than males. This study highlights the importance of the emotion of disgust in human willingness to protect frogs from a cross-cultural perspective.Öğe Using action research based on the predict-observe-explain strategy for teaching enzymes(MEHMET TEKEREK, 2016) Bilen, Kadir; Ozel, Murat; Kose, SacitThe science laboratory course is one of the important courses that preservice science students take in their science education programs. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of an action research based on the POE (predict-observe-explain) strategy on preservice science teachers' understanding of enzymes. The participants of the study consisted of 80 sophomore preservice science teachers who enrolled in a science teaching laboratory course at a public university in Turkey. The data were obtained through the POE forms. The findings showed that the use of POE activities promoted significantly students' understanding of enzymes. It was also found that although preservice science students indicated that activities based on the POE approach took more time compared to other instructional strategies, they emphasized that the POE activities were enjoyable compared to other instructional strategies. Based on the results obtained from this study, it is suggested that using the POE method in the science laboratory courses will contribute to preservice science teachers' understanding of science topics.
