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    Analysis of CO-RADS 3 in the CO-RADS CT reporting system for COVID-19 pneumonia
    (Edizioni Minerva Medica, 2021) Salbas, Cigdem S.; Kiziloolu, Hiseyin A.
    BACKGROUND: CO-RADS assesses the suspicion for pulmonary involvement of COVID-19 infection. Patients falling into the CO-RADS group 3 are in an indefinite range in terms of diagnosis, and it can be said that the evidence emerging from CT causes confusion in this regard. We examined clinically suspected COVID-19 patients by their CT images, focusing on CO-RADS 3. We analyse the diagnostic success of CO-RADS 3 according to RT-PCR results, the clinical course of the patients, and the recovery / survival rates in the 1-month period. METHODS: We retrospectively analysed data for 1371 patients who were admitted to the emergency clinic between 24 March and 13 April 2020 due to a suspected clinical finding of COVID-19 infection. We evaluated the patients' CT images in 3 clusters: CO-RADS 1 and 2, 3, and 4 and 5 and segregated the patients into three categories by their clinical findings: good, mild, poor. In the comparison of qualitative data, the Pearson Chi-Square, Fisher-Freeman-Halton Exact, and Fisher's Exact test were used. RESULTS: Average age was 45.2, 55.4% were male, 44.6% female. The RT-PCR was positive in 102 (7.5%) of 1360 patients. 112 patients (11.2%) were CO-RADS 3. There is a statistically significant difference between 3 clusters of CO-RADS and the RT-PCR results. 67.9% of the cases in the CO-RADS 3 group were good, 18.7% were moderate, and 13.4% were in poor clinical condition. In CO-RADS 3 group, relationship between the RT-PCR results and clinical statuses was close to significance. CONCLUSIONS: The CO-RADS reporting terminology has benefits. However, in this reporting system, there may be CO-RADS 3 cases that leave the physician indecisive. So, clinical condition and CT results must act together as a guide.