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Öğe Assessment of susceptibility of different rootstock/variety combinations of pear to Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri and experimental transmission studies by Cacopsylla pyri(Springer, 2022) Caglayan, Kadriye; Gazel, Mona; Serce, Cigdem Ulubas; Kaya, KamuranIn this study, efficient transmission ways of 'Ca. P. pyri' which causes Pear Decline (PD) disease and response of different rootstock-scion combinations to this pathogen were evaluated. For graft transmission trials, fifty BA29 clonal rootstocks were grafted with buds taken from a 'Ca. P. pyri' infected pear tree, cv. Deveci, and the transmission rate was found to be 8% according to PCR/RFLP analyses. Growth retardation was detected in some grafted plants but the specific reddening symptoms for PD were not observed during the 2 years of observation. Cacopsylla pyri L., playing important role for the transmission of pear decline phytoplasma in open field, was used for experimental transmission trials. It has been shown that it can acquire phytoplasma (in 1 day) and transmit it (in 2 weeks to healthy pear saplings). Therefore it was revealed that C. pyri plays an important role in pear decline epidemiology. When the response of several rootstock-scion combinations to 'Ca. P. pyri'was evaluated over two vegetative periods by visual monitoring of symptom development and by PCR analyses, two Santa Maria and one Williams plants grafted on OHF333 and one Deveci plant grafted on P. communis were found infected by 'Ca. P. pyri', but no infection was detected in a local cv. Ankara grafted on any rootstocks. Among the commercial cultivars, our local cv. Deveci was found the most sensitive and cv. Ankara was the most tolerant. The use of healthy plant materials, as well as the appropriate control of the vector will play an important role in disease control.Öğe Corm and root rot of Colocasia esculenta caused by Ovatisporangium vexans and Rhizoctonia solani(ARS DOCENDI, 2014) Dervis, Sibel; Soylu, Soner; Serce, Cigdem UlubasOvatisporangium vexans (de Bary) Uzuhashi, Tojo & Kakis. and Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn were isolated from the decayed parts of roots and corms of wilted taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott.) plants. Although both pathogens were identified according to morphological and pathogenicity characteristics, O. vexans identification was further confirmed based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and 28S rRNA genes using the ITS6 and ITS4 primers. Early symptoms on leaves appeared as pale yellow color, partial rolling of leaf margins and withering of seedlings. Rotting or decay started at the collar region and it spread to roots and corms. In severe cases, the collar region broke off and the seedling collapsed. Inoculating these isolates separately into mature taro plants and corms resulted in symptoms similar to root and corm rots observed on naturally infected plants. Both disease agents were re-isolated from the inoculated tissues. Since symptoms caused by co-inoculation of O. vexans with R. solani together were more severe, combination of two pathogens induced the greatest plant mortality. This is the first report of corm and root rot disease caused by O. vexans and R. solani complex on taro plants in Turkey. This is also the first record of O. vexans in Turkey.Öğe Detection and molecular characterization of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum’ in apricot and plum orchards of Nigde, Turkey(Technology Society of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2023) Ekemen, Muhammet; Serce, Cigdem UlubasThis study was conducted to evaluate the European stone fruit yellows disease associated with ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum’ presence in apricot and plum trees grown in Nigde province of Turkey. A comprehensive study was conducted in 18 orchards from 4 districts. Leaf-rolling symptoms only were observed in orchards. The presence of the ‘Ca. P. prunorum’ was detected utilizing nested PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses. Ten out of 41 samples from both symptomatic and asymptomatic plant samples resulted positive to the phytoplasma presence. ‘Ca. P. prunorum’ was identified in samples from five out of 23 apricot and five out of 18 plum trees in both the Ulukisla and Central districts therefore the overall percentage of infected plants was 24.39%. This suggest that this phytoplasma must be considered as a significant potential threat to these locations because of its transmission by insect vectors. Careful and proactive investigation of the aforementioned pathogen is imperative, as its potential to spread to neighboring areas and amplify the pathogenicity of other possible pathogens underscores the need for a comprehensive mapping of the dynamics of pest and pathogen transmission in the region. © 2023, Technology Society of Basic and Applied Sciences. All rights reserved.Öğe Determination of genomic regions related citrus chlorotic dwarf disease in clementine mandarin x Minneola tangelo hybrid population by QTL analysis(Springer, 2023) Aksoy, Deniz; Yesiloglu, Turgut; Serce, Cigdem Ulubas; Ayaz, FurkanCitrus chlorotic dwarf disease (CCDD) has been associated with loss of productivity in citrus species. Especially in the grapefruit species this loss can reach up to 50%. The causative agent for the disease is Citrus chlorotic dwarf associated virus. Some species in the citrus family can develop resistance to the virus and overcome the symptoms associated with the disease but in those cases they may act as the source of the virus to the surrounding citrus species. Virus management studies mainly focus on the introgression of available virus resistance genes into valuable plant cultivars. In this study, we focused host based aspect of the resistance against the virus. Clementine mandarin x Minneola tangelo hybrid population was created in the Alata Horticultural Research Institute field in 2008. This population showed a resistance to the disease development and we analyzed 186 individuals with a total of 2806 markers. DArT-SNP markers were utilized for the mapping studies. According to our results 9 linkage groups were obtained for Clementine and Minneola. The total length of these groups was 798.70 cm for Clementine and 423.7 cm for Minneola. The total number of markers in the linkage groups was 1536 for Clementine and 1270 for Minneola. The average distance between two markers was 0.51 cm and 0.33 cm for Clementine and Minneola, respectively. 15 QTL loci (with LOD >= 3) were associated with CCDD resistance. All of these QTLs' were specifically determined in Clementine linkage map on LG2, LG3, LG5, LG6 and LG8. Host based genetic characteristics that enable the resistance to the disease were identified by QTL based analysis. These results can pave the way of genetic screening of the resistant versus vulnerable species as well as individuals within the species. Moreover, based on this data genetic manipulations or hybridizations based on the genetic markers can be considered in the future to increase the productivity and to decrease the losses associated with CCDD.Öğe First report of 'CandidatusPhytoplasma trifolii' (16SrVI group) infecting cabbage (Brassica oleracea) in Turkey(Springer, 2020) Serce, Cigdem Ulubas; Yilmaz, Salih[Abstract Not Available]Öğe First Report of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum Causing Dieback, Shoot Blight, and Branch Canker of Willow Trees in Turkey(Amer Phytopathological Soc, 2019) Turkolmez, Sahimerdan; Dervis, Sibel; Ciftci, Osman; Serce, Cigdem Ulubas; Turkohmez, Cemile Gulden; Dikilitas, Murat[Abstract Not Available]Öğe First report of Phytophthora crown and root rot of cherry caused by Phytophthora palmivora in eastern Turkey(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2015) Turkolmez, Sahimerdan; Ciftci, Osman; Serce, Cigdem Ulubas; Dervis, SibelCrown and root rot or decline is an increasing problem on sweet cherry in Mardin, Malatya, Elaz and Diyarbakr provinces in eastern Turkey. A survey was carried out during 2012-2014 in 120 commercial cherry orchards for disease symptoms, which included poor growth with sparse off-colour foliage, reddish-brown discolouration of the crown and roots, wilting and dieback of the canopy, and in many cases, tree death. Fifty-eight Phytophthora isolates obtained during the course of this 3-year survey were examined and identified as Phytophthora palmivora on the basis of morphological characteristics. BLAST analysis of ITS region sequences of rDNA of five isolates revealed 99-100% identity with reference isolates of P. palmivora from GenBank and Phytophthora database. Isolates of P. palmivora were pathogenic on 12-month-old potted Mahaleb' cherry (Prunus mahaleb L.) rootstock seedlings that were wound-inoculated on the roots and on the crown. Inoculated plants expressed similar symptoms to those observed in the field and almost all infected plants died within 3 months after transplanting. This study demonstrated that P. palmivora is the causal agent of cherry decline in eastern Turkey. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. palmivora on this host plant. ResumeLa pourriture du collet et des racines, ou deperissement, constitue un probleme croissant chez le cerisier sauvage dans les provinces de Mardin, de Malatya, d'Elaz et de Diyarbakr de l'est de la Turquie. Une etude a ete menee de 2012 a 2014 dans 120 vergers commerciaux afin de deceler les symptomes de la maladie qui incluent la croissance mediocre accompagnee d'un feuillage clairseme de couleur atypique, la coloration brun-rougeatre du collet et des racines, le fletrissement et le deperissement de la cime et, dans plusieurs cas, la mort de l'arbre. Durant les trois annees qu'a dure cette etude, 58 isolats de Phytophthora ont ete examines et identifies, sur la base de leurs caracteres morphologiques, en tant que Phytophthora palmivora. L'analyse de type BLAST des sequences de l'espaceur transcrit interne de l'ADNr de cinq isolats a revele un taux d'identite de 99% a 100% par rapport aux isolats de reference de P. palmivora provenant de la GenBank et de la Phytophthora database. Les isolats de P. palmivora etaient virulents a l'egard de jeunes plants en pots de 12 mois sur porte-greffe de cerisier Mahaleb' (Prunus mahaleb L.) dont des blessures aux collets et aux racines avaient ete inoculees. Les plants inocules ont affiche des symptomes semblables a ceux observes sur le terrain, et presque tous les plants sont morts en moins de trois mois apres avoir ete transplantes. Cette etude a demontre que P. palmivora est l'agent causal du deperissement des cerisiers dans l'est de la Turquie. Pour autant que nous le sachions, il s'agit de la premiere mention de P. palmivora s'attaquant a cette plante hote.Öğe Leaf blight caused by Didymella glomerata on blackberry in Turkey(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Dervis, Sibel; Serce, Cigdem Ulubas; Altunbas, Bilge Dagdelen; Unlu, Nida; Pamukcu, GozdemThe cultivation of blackberries has recently increased in Turkey, despite the fact that wild blackberry types have grown almost everywhere in the country. During the summer of 2011, leaf blight symptoms were observed in a blackberry vineyard in Karlisu, as well as on wild blackberry plants in Altinozu, Hatay province, Turkey. Based on morphology, fungal isolates obtained from these blighted leaf margins shared similar morphological characteristics and were tentatively identified as Didymella glomerata. To confirm the morphologic identification, the nucleotide sequences of a representative isolate's ITS, LSU, and tub2 regions of DNA were used. The sequences of three regions were 99-100% identical to D. glomerata isolate sequences in GenBank. Healthy blackberry suckers of the thornless blackberry cultivars 'Triple Crown' and 'Chester' grown in pots were inoculated with spore suspension on foliar parts under greenhouse conditions for pathogenicity testing. D. glomerata was extremely virulent, causing severe leaf blight in both blackberry cultivars. D. glomerata was constantly isolated from inoculated plants' leaf lesions. This is the first report of D. glomerata infection of blackberry, a novel host for this pathogen in Turkey and around the world. More research into the biology and management of the disease is required.Öğe Phytopythium litorale: A Novel Killer Pathogen of Plane (Platanus orientalis) Causing Canker Stain and Root and Collar Rot(Amer Phytopathological Soc, 2020) Dervis, Sibel; Turkolmez, Sahimerdan; Ciftci, Osman; Ozer, Goksel; Serce, Cigdem Ulubas; Dikilitas, MuratDecline symptoms associated with lethal stem and branch canker stain along with root and collar rots were observed on 5- to 7-year-old roadside oriental plane trees (Platanus orientalis) in Diyarbakir, Turkey. Aboveground symptoms included leaf necrosis, leaf curling, extensive bluish or blackish staining of shoots, branches, stem bark, and wood surfaces, as well as stem cankers and exfoliation of branch bark scales. A general decline of the trees was distinctly visible from a distance. A Phytophthora/Pythium-like oomycete species with globose to ovoid, often papillate and internally proliferating sporangia was consistently isolated from the fine and coarse roots and stained branch parts and shoots. The pathogen was identified as Phytopythium litorale based on several morphological features. Partial DNA sequences of three loci, including nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the large ribosomal subunit (LSU), and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (coxII) confirmed the morphological identification. All P. litorale isolates were homothallic, developing gametangia, ornamented oogonia with elongate to lobate antheridia. Pathogenicity of P. litorale was tested by inoculation on excised shoots and by root inoculation on seedlings. P. litorale produced large lesions and blights on shoots in just 5 days and killed 100% of the seedlings in a month. This paper presents the first confirmed report of P. litorale as an important pathogen on a plant species causing branch and stem cankers, and root and collar rot, in and on P. orientalis, resulting in a rapid decline of trees and suggesting a threat to plane.Öğe POTENTIAL PSYLLID VECTORS OF CANDIDATUS PHYTOPLASMA MALI AND CANDIDATUS PHYTOPLASMA PYRI IN TURKEY(Univ Agriculture, Fac Veterinary Science, 2016) Kaya, Kamuran; Serce, Cigdem Ulubas; Gazel, Mona; Caglayan, Kadriye; Sauvion, NicolasPsyllids are vectors of phytoplasma, which cause important diseases of pome fruit trees. Psyllid species reported as phytoplasma vectors were captured during 2010-2011 in several pome fruit growing regions in Turkey. Potential psyllid vectors of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma mali' were collected from Malus spp. (apple), Cydonia oblonga (quince), Crataegus spp. (hawthorn) and also from the overwintering hosts, whereas those of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri' were collected from wild and cultured forms of Pyrus spp. (pear) trees. The psyllids were identified morphologically as Cacopsylla picta, C. melanoneura-C. affinis complex, C. crataegi, C. pyrisuga, C. pyri, C. pyricola and other Cacopsylla species. The highest natural phytoplasma infection rate was found in C. picta followed by C. pyri, C. melanoneura-C. affinis complex and C. crataegi with rates of 4.36, 3.84, 2.77 and 1.67%, respectively. No phytoplasma were detected in C. pyrisuga, C. pyricola, or the other Cacopsylla spp. 'Ca. P. mali' was detected in C. picta, C. melanoneura-C. affinis complex and C. pyri; 'Ca. P. pyri' was detected in C. picta, C. crataegi, C. melanoneura-C. affinis complex and C. pyri individuals. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the possible psyllid vectors of 'Ca. P. mali' in Turkey.Öğe Survey of Turkish Strawberry Production Areas for Soil-borne Fungal Diseases(Amer Soc Horticultural Science, 2015) Bildik, Mehmet Naci; Serce, Cigdem Ulubas; Dervis, Sibel; Turkolmez, Sahimerdan; Ciftci, Osman; Serce, Sedat[Abstract Not Available]
