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Carcass Yield, Non-Carcass Parts, Internal Organs and Meat Quality Characteristics of Karayaka Male Lambs with Different Birth Weight Fed Free-Choice Feeding
(UNIV KEBANGSAAN MALAYSIA, 2017) Yildirim, Arda; Ulutas, Zafer; Ocak, Nuh; Kaptan, Muhammet
In order to investigate the changes in meat quality characteristics and some serum metabolites as well as carcass yield, non-carcass parts, internal organs of lambs as influenced by birth weight (BtW) and feeding system (FS), 28 Karayaka male lambs (150 days of age) obtained from four comparable groups that consisted of seven replicates according to a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement for 2 BtW (low, 4.1 perpendicular to 0.06 kg and high, 5.0 perpendicular to 0.09 kg) and 2 FS (total mixed ration, TMR and free choice feeding, FCF) were used. After weaning (90 days of age), lambs with low BtW and high BtW were fed individually a TMR ad libitum or fed on the same ingredients (FCF) as that of TMR. The TMR was consisted of 80% of a compound feed and 20% of roughage based on a dry matter basis (140 g crude protein and 10.7 MEMJ/kg). The carcass weight and yield of lambs were not affected by the BtW, FS and BtWxFS interaction. The slaughter body weight, cold carcass weight and yield of FCF-fed lambs were higher than those of TMR-fed animals. The pH(45) and shear force of semitendinosus muscle decreased and increased by the FCF systems, respectively. These results showed that BtW of lambs did not affect the studied parameter and that feeding system created more differences in terms of some parameters due to the fact that the FCF lead to improvement in carcass and some meat quality traits.
Comparison of Different Lactation Curve Models of Anatolian Buffaloes
(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2014) Sahin, Aziz; Ulutas, Zafer; Yildirim, Arda; Aksoy, Yuksel; Genc, Serdar
In this study, eight different lactation curve models were compared by using test day milk yield records belonging Anatolian Buffaloes raised in different Farm conditions between 2011 and 2013. To identify the best lactation curve models of Wood, Cobby and Le Du, Logaritmic Quadratic, Exponential, Parabolic exponential, Quadratic, Inverse Polynomial and Logaritmic Linear mathematical functions were used. The coefficient of determination (R-2) and residual standard deviation (RSD) statistics were used for determination of best fitted model in lactation curve. Logaritmic Quadratic and Quadratic functions are the best goodness of fit model as having the highest R-2 and lowest RSD coefficients. As a result, the parameters are estimated by logarithmic quadratic or quadratic models, for use in breeding programs will make an important contribution to research in this field.
Comparison of Growth Curves by Growth Models in Slow-Growing Chicken Genotypes Raised the Organic System
(FRIENDS SCIENCE PUBL, 2014) Eleroglu, Hasan; Yildirim, Arda; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Coksoyler, Fikret Nafi; Duman, Mustafa
Two hundred and forty slow-growing chickens consisting of equal numbers of Hubbard S757 (S757) and Hubbard Grey Barred JA (GB-JA) strains were utilized for the investigation in organics system and were used to estimate growth curve in Gompertz and Logistic model. The asymptotic weights for GB-JA and S757 genotype female; male in the Gompertz model were estimated 3725.34 g; 6109.60 g and 4876.10 g; 6496.47 g and same parameter were found in Logistic model 2133.33 g; 2906.35 g and 2790.37 g; 3635.00 g respectively. The Gompertz model was higher estimate than Logistic model for the asymptotic weights parameter. The instantaneous growth rate for GB-JA and S757 genotype female; male in the Gompertz model were estimated 0.1424; 0.1288 and 0.1525; 0.1495 and same parameter values were found in Logistic model 0.3753; 0.3734 and 0.3873; 0.3949 respectively. Significant difference was observed for the instantaneous growth rate parameter between GB-JA and S757 genotypes in each of models. According to the results of goodness of fit in Gompertz and Logistic growth curve models, the coefficient of determination (R-2) and adjusted coefficient of determination (adj. R-2) were detected above 0.996 in boot models for two genotype broilers. The highest value of R-2 and adj. R-2 were obtained from the Logistic model in GB-JA. The two models were all fitted the growth curves of slow-growing chicken genotypes in organic system very well, and the fitting degrees R-2 were all above 0.998; for the two models; however Logistic model was the best (0.999%). c 2014 Friends Science Publishers
Comparison of meat quality and fatty acid profile in slow-growing chicken genotypes fed diets supplemented with Origanum vulgare or Melissa officinalis leaves under the organic system
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2013) Eleroglu, Hasan; Yildirim, Arda; Isikli, Nursel D.; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Duman, Mustafa
This study was conducted to compare the meat quality and selected fatty acids profile of two different slow-growing broiler genotypes (Hubbard S757; S757 and Hubbard Grey Barred JA; GB-JA) fed diets supplemented with dry oregano (Origanum vulgare L., OV; 10 g/kg basal diets) or lemon balm leaves (Melissa officinalis L., MO; 10 g/kg basal diets) under organic housing system. It is concluded that slow-growing genotypes had no effect on L* parameter of the breast, thigh and abdominal fat meat quality. Two hundred and forty chicks were allocated randomly into 4 experimental groups according to a 2x2 factorial arrangement. Birds were raised until 98 days in order to achieve an acceptable market live weight. The b* colours of breast and thigh meat were significant different among genotypes and also a* colour of breast meat of GB-JA increased (P<0.05). Slow-growing female broilers produced a higher dry matter content and lower fat content of breast meat as compared with males. There were the higher concentrations of linoleic (C18:2n-6) acid and the lower concentrations of linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) in genotypes fed with supplemented dry oregano or lemon balm leaves diet. Sex affected total unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) composition, polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and linoleic acid, were higher in slow growing males breast meat as compared with females breast meat. These results suggested that the slow-growing genotypes might had influenced the colour of breast and thigh meat, although overall meat quality was not affected under the organic system.
Comparison of the Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Two Slow-Growing Broiler Genotypes Fed Diets Supplemented with Dry Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) or Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis L.) Leaves under the Organic System
(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2014) Eleroglu, Hasan; Yildirim, Arda; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Duman, Mustafa
This study was conducted to determine the growth performance and carcass characteristics of two slow-growing broiler genotypes (Hubbard S757 and Hubbard Grey Barred JA) fed diets supplemented with dry oregano (Origanum vulgare L. or lemon balm leaves (Melissa officinalis L.) as growth promoter source under an organic housing system. In this study 240 chicks (mixed-sex) were allocated randomly into 4 experimental groups according to a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement for 2 broiler genotypes and 2 diets. The effects of dry herb leaves and genotype x herb leaves interaction on studied parameters were not significant at all weeks of age (P>0.05), except neck (%). Body weight, body weight gain, feed efficiency, carcass weight and yield, leg weight and yield, breast weight and yield, back weight and yield, edible giblets weight and yield of Hubbard S757 genotype were higher (P<0.05) than those of Hubbard Grey Barred JA genotype. The female breast (P<0.01) and edible giblets yield (P<0.05) were superior to those of males. These results show that herb leaves used as a growth promoter source under organic housing system did not affect the studied parameters and that in terms of these parameters, and subsequent Hubbard S757 genotype were superior to Hubbard Grey Barred JA genotype.
Effect of Different Housing Systems on Production and Blood Profile of Slow-Growing Broilers
(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2015) Diktas, Merve; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Duman, Mustafa; Yildirim, Arda
Present study was conducted to investigate the effects of deep litter system, free-range with fixed housing system and free-range with portable housing system in wheat stubble on performance, internal organ weights, blood parameters and tonic immobility of slow-growing broilers. A total of 270 Hubbard Isa Red-JA chicks were used in experiments. The experiment lasted for 61 days. Results showed that the body weight on 21(st), 28(th), 35(th) and 42(th) days of birds from free-range with portable housing system was significantly lower than of those kept in deep litter and free range with fixed housing system. The viability of broilers in free-range with portable housing system was lower than broilers in free-range with fixed housing and deep litter system in the days of 14-42 and 14-61, while there were not any differences between housing systems in days of 43-61. Housing systems had no significant effect on feed conversion ratio and internal organ weight. There were no significant differences in tonic immobility durations of housing systems and some blood parameters, except hematocrit values. In conclusion, the body weight in free-range with portable housing system was significantly lower until 42nd day of the experiment, but this difference was disappeared during the rest of rearing period. It could be concluded that rural producer can be involved in broiler production after wheat harvesting.
EFFECT OF DISTANCE FROM THE ROADWAY ON HEAVY METAL CONTENT AND EGG QUALITY OF VILLAGE LAYING HEN'S EGG ALONG ROADSIDES OF TOKAT-TURHAL, TURKEY
(UNIV AGRICULTURE, 2013) Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Sari, Hayati; Sarica, Musa; Yildirim, Arda; Duman, Mustafa
In this study, the heavy metal contents and egg quality characteristics of chicken eggs was studied. The eggs have been collected at distances of 0-100 (Distance A), 100-200 (Distance B) and 200-300 m (Distance C) away from the edge of Tokat-Turhal road. The distance from roadway had no significant effect on egg Cu and Mn contents (P>0.05), although a significant effect on egg Cd and Pb content (P<0.05) was observed. There were no significant difference in egg shape index, egg shell thickness, breakage strength, egg albumin pH, albumin index, Haugh units and yolk index according to distance from the roadway (P> 0.05). Eggs obtained from distance A and B had significantly higher weight than obtained from distance C (P<0.05). Egg obtained from distance B had significantly lower egg shell colour scales than those of the other distances (P<0.01). And, egg yolk colour was showed a significant variation among the distances away from the roadway, and the highest yolk colour value was detected in distance B (P<0.05). Depending on obtained results, it can be concluded that the egg heavy metal concentrations exceeded background levels for hen eggs. Therefore, consumers should be aware of the possible health risks related by the use of these eggs which has obtained from side of road.
Effect of distance from the roadway on heavy metal content and egg quality of village laying hen's egg along roadsides of Tokat-Turhal, Turkey
(2013) Şekero?lu, Ahmet; Sari, Hayati; Sarica, Musa; Yildirim, Arda; Duman, Mustafa
In this study, the heavy metal contents and egg quality characteristics of chicken eggs was studied. The eggs have been collected at distances of 0-100 (Distance A), 100-200 (Distance B) and 200-300 m (Distance C) away from the edge of Tokat-Turhal road. The distance from roadway had no significant effect on egg Cu and Mn contents (P>0.05), although a significant effect on egg Cd and Pb content (P<0.05) was observed. There were no significant difference in egg shape index, egg shell thickness, breakage strength, egg albumin pH, albumin index, Haugh units and yolk index according to distance from the roadway (P> 0.05). Eggs obtained from distance A and B had significantly higher weight than obtained from distance C (P<0.05). Egg obtained from distance B had significantly lower egg shell colour scales than those of the other distances (P<0.01). And, egg yolk colour was showed a significant variation among the distances away from the roadway, and the highest yolk colour value was detected in distance B (P<0.05). Depending on obtained results, it can be concluded that the egg heavy metal concentrations exceeded background levels for hen eggs. Therefore, consumers should be aware of the possible health risks related by the use of these eggs which has obtained from side of road.
Effect of Various Environmental Factors and Management Practices on Somatic Cell Count in the Raw Milk of Anatolian Buffaloes
(ZOOLOGICAL SOC PAKISTAN, 2016) Sahin, Aziz; Yildirim, Arda; Ulutas, Zafer
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of various environmental factors on the somatic cell count (SCC) of Anatolian Buffaloes raised under different herd conditions in Turkey. Data were evaluated according to the stage of lactation (early, mid, and late), herd, lactation month, milking time, and parity. Analysis of the data was performed using the SAS package program. For a one-year period, farms were visited on a monthly basis to collect milk samples from each buffalo, in milkings performed both in the morning and evening. A total of 1200 SCC readings from 100 Anatolian Buffaloes were analyzed using repeated measures. The average SCC was determined to be 134,731 +/- 18,500 cells/ml. The effects of herd, parity, lactation month, milking time and stage of lactation on the SCC value were statistically significant (P<0.05). The mean SCC for morning milking (173,118 cells/ml) was higher than evening milking (148,562 cells/ml). The fourth month of lactation had the highest mean SCC value (186,418 cells/ml), which was statistically different from the values observed during the first, second and fifth months of lactation (P<0.05), as well as the sixth month of lactation (P<0.05). The SCC level was the highest in the first parity (177,844 cells/ml) and the lowest in buffaloes in their third and fourth parity (P<0.05). Mean SCC values were high (P<0.05) for late lactation (203,498 cells/ml), low for mid-lactation (81,975 cells/ml). The SCC was low in herd 6 (37,481 cells/ml), and high in herd 1 (223,000 cells/ml). The significant differences identified between the herds indicated differences in management methods, milking hygiene, and barn conditions. To reduce the SCC levels of milk, while also improving udder health, it is necessary to take certain precautions and measures such as improving milking management; improving hygiene and barn conditions; carrying out milking at uniform intervals; feeding the buffaloes after milking; and implementimg a mastitis control program. In this context, further studies are necessary to investigate and identify the threshold SCC values that are applicable for Anatolian buffaloes and their associated conditions.
Egg production and quality characteristics of laying hens fed diets supplemented with dry caper (Capparis spinosa) leaf powder
(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2018) Yildirim, Arda; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Koc, Huseyin; Eleroglu, Hasan; Duman, Mustafa; Tahtali, Yalcin; Elmastas, Mahfuz
An in vivo experiment was conducted to determine the effect of dietary inclusion of dry Caper (Capparis spinosa) leaf powder (DCL) on egg production and egg quality of laying hens at the beginning of the laying period. Four groups of commercial hens (ATAK-S) were fed with diets containing 0, 5, 10 and 15 g DCL/kg. The results demonstrated that dietary DCL had no effect on feed intake, feed efficiency, egg mass (EM) and egg production parameters (P>0.05). Hen-day egg production (HDP) value of the groups was 69.52%, 64.97%, 68.02% and 71.72% respectively. Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and total phenolics amount of DCL were 51.06 +/- 2.300 mmol trolox/kg, 50.10 +/- 3.488 mmol TEAC/kg and 2.78 +/- 0.050 g gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/kg respectively. Based on the results from the current study, the dietary DCL with levels up to 15 g/kg neither reduced productivity performance traits nor improved egg quality characteristics.C
Lactation curve and persistency of Anatolian buffaloes
(PAGEPRESS PUBL, 2015) Sahin, Aziz; Ulutas, Zafer; Yildirim, Arda; Aksoy, Yuksel; Genc, Serdar
The aim of this study was to determine the lactation curve traits of Anatolian buffaloes raised under different conditions in farms in Tokat Province, Turkey. Wood's gamma curve parameters were employed to identify the lactation curve types, and values for the parameters beginning yield (a), coefficient of rising (b) and coefficient of decreasing (c) were used to determine the shape and type of lactation curve. All parameters in typical lactation curves were positive, and in the event of one parameter being negative, the curve was considered to be an atypical lactation curve. A total of 690 lactation curves were investigated. It was determined that 406 (58.84%) of these curves were typical, while 90 (13.04%) were concave and 194 (28.12%) of a decreasing type. For typical lactation curves, a, b, c, persistency (S), time after parturition until the peak yield occurs (T-max), maximum daily peak yield (Y-max), and coefficient of determination (R-2) were 7.14 +/- 0.008, 0.85 +/- 2.1, 0.40 +/- 0.001, 2.68, 63.6, 6.41 and 76.33, respectively. For concave lactation curves, values for a, b, c, T-max, Y-max and R-2 were 4.94 +/- 0.42, -0.73 +/- 0.016, -0.23 +/- 0.0038, 95.40, 7.41 +/- 0.004 and 71.68, respectively. For decreasing typical lactation curves, values for a, b, c, T-max, and R-2 were 5.31 +/- 0.0041, -0.15 +/- 0.007, 0.039 +/- 0.0023, 3.89 +/- 0.11 and 79.94, respectively. Parameters predicted by the Wood model within the scope of this study have the potential of being useful for breeding programmes. Further breeding/selection activities could be conducted by using the female Anatolian buffaloes with typical lactation curves.
Meat physico-chemical composition of guinea fowl fed organic diets supplemented with dry oregano leaf
(Sivar-Soc Italiana Veterinari Animali Reddito, 2020) Yildirim, Arda; Eleroglu, Hasan; Duman, Mustafa
The present study was conducted to determine the meat quality and some fatty acids of standard guinea fowl genotype fed organic diets supplemented with dry oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) leaf. A total of 240-one day-old guinea fowl keets (mixed-sex) were randomly divided into four dietary groups with three replicate pens (20 keets per pen). The birds were fed on the basal diet with supplementation of the control (without supplement, 0 g/kg), 5 g/kg (low), 10 g/kg (medium) and 15 g/kg (high) dry oregano leaf (Origanum vulgare L., OV) during 16 weeks. There were no significant differences for the values of L-star, a(star), b(star), H-star (Hue angle), C-star (Chroma), Delta E-star((L-star 2+a(star 2)+b(star 2))(1/2)) in right breast with skin (Pectoralis major and Pectoralis minor) and without skin between each group. No statistical differences were found between the mean values on physical characteristics (pH, water holding capacity), chemical composition (moisture, protein, fat and ash), saturated and unsaturated fatty acids of right breast meat of guinea fowl with the supplementation of the different levels of dietary oregano leaf. These findings showed that oregano supplementation had no practical adverse impact on the meat quality of guinea fowl reared in the organic system.
Some Gastrointestinal Tract Characteristics of Karayaka Ram Lambs Slaughtered at Different Weights
(HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION, 2014) Yildirim, Arda; Aksoy, Yuksel; Ocak, Nuh; Ulutas, Zafer
Thirty-one Karayaka ram lambs were slaughtered at different body weights (30 (n = 7), 35 (n = 6), 40 (n = 7), 45 (n = 6), and 50 (n = 5) kg of body weight at fast) to evaluate the growth of their gastrointestinal tract (GIT) characteristics, to determine the relationship among slaughter body weight (SBW) and empty body weight (EBW), whole GIT and segments, and the influence of slaughter weight on the pH of rumen, jejunum, and cecal contents. The effects of the SBW on GIT weight (P < 0.05), stomach (P < 0.001), and intestine (P < 0.05), the body length (P < 0.001) and caecum (P < 0.05), and the relative weights of GIT(P < 0.05), stomach (P < 0.001), and intestine (P < 0.001) were linear whereas that for the length of intestine were quadratic. The effect of SBW were quadratic (P < 0.05) on ratios of stomach to GIT weight and intestine length to intestine weight and rumen pH while, for the intestine to GIT weight ratio (P < 0.001) and caecum pH (P < 0.05), this effect was linear. The results indicated that for all parameters studied, with the exception of intestinal length and cecal pH, linear relationships were observed with SBW indicating steady growth rates for these tissues.
THE EFFECT OF DRY CAPER (Capparis spinosa) FRUIT ON EGG PRODUCTION AND QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF LAYING HENS
(UNIV AGRICULTURE, FAC VETERINARY SCIENCE, 2014) Yildirim, Arda; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Koc, Huseyin; Eleroglu, Hasan; Tahtali, Yalcin; Sen, Merve Isil; Genc, Nusret
This study was conducted to determine the effect of increasing dietary inclusion of dry Caper (Capparis spinosa) fruit (DCF) on egg production and quality characteristics of laying hens between 20 and 32 weeks of age. Four groups of commercial hens (ATAK-S) were fed with diets containing 0, 5, 10 and 15 g DCF/kg. The results showed that final body weight, feed intake, shape index (SI) and morning hen-day egg yield were influenced by dietary supplementation of DCF (P<0.05). Henday egg production (HDP) value of commercial hens groups was 73.47%, 56.67%, 54.18% and 51.72% respectively. The effect of increased the levels of DCF on egg weight, specific gravity, shell breaking strength, shell thickness, surface area, albumen pH, albumen index (AI), yolk index (YI), shell weight and haugh unit (HU) was not statistically significant (P>0.05) during the entire experiment. The lightness (L*) and redness (a*) values for egg shell color were similar (P>0.05) in the DCL supplemented groups as compared to the control group. The yellowness (b*), Hue angle (H), chroma (C*) and Delta E* values were lower (P<0.05) in 15 g DFC/kg group when compared with the control. Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and total phenolics amount of DCF were 43.75 +/- 0.680 mmol trolox/kg, 60.03 +/- 3.710 mmol TEAC/kg and 3.16 +/- 0.060 g gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/kg, respectively. Based on the results from the current study, the dietary supplementation with dry DCF had adverse effects on productivity performance traits and egg quality.
The effect of dry caper (capparis spinosa) fruit on egg production and quality characteristics of laying hens
(University of Agriculture, 2014) Yildirim, Arda; Sekeroglu, Ahmet; Koc, Huseyin; Eleroglu, Hasan; Tahtali, Yalcin; Sen, Merve Isil; Duman, Mustafa
This study was conducted to determine the effect of increasing dietary inclusion of dry Caper (Capparis spinosa) fruit (DCF) on egg production and quality characteristics of laying hens between 20 and 32 weeks of age. Four groups of commercial hens (ATAK-S) were fed with diets containing 0, 5, 10 and 15 g DCF/kg. The results showed that final body weight, feed intake, shape index (SI) and morning hen-day egg yield were influenced by dietary supplementation of DCF (P<0.05). Hen-day egg production (HDP) value of commercial hens groups was 73.47%, 56.67%, 54.18% and 51.72% respectively. The effect of increased the levels of DCF on egg weight, specific gravity, shell breaking strength, shell thickness, surface area, albumen pH, albumen index (AI), yolk index (YI), shell weight and haugh unit (HU) was not statistically significant (P>0.05) during the entire experiment. The lightness (L*) and redness (a*) values for egg shell color were similar (P>0.05) in the DCL supplemented groups as compared to the control group. The yellowness (b*), Hue angle (H), chroma (C*) and ?E* values were lower (P<0.05) in 15 g DFC/kg group when compared with the control. Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and total phenolics amount of DCF were 43.75±0.680 mmol trolox/kg, 60.03±3.710 mmol TEAC/kg and 3.16±0.060 g gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/kg, respectively. Based on the results from the current study, the dietary supplementation with dry DCF had adverse effects on productivity performance traits and egg quality.
THE EFFECT OF SOME ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON MILK COMPOSITION OF ANATOLIAN BUFFALOES
(UNIV AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES & VETERINARY MEDICINE BUCHAREST, 2016) Sahin, Aziz; Ulutas, Zufer; Yildirim, Arda; Kul, Ertugrul; Aksoy, Yuksel; Ugurlutepe, Emre; Kaplan, Yusuf
The aim of this study was to determine the composition of raw milk from Anatolian water buffaloes raised under different village conditions in the Tokat province of Northern Turkey. The study materials included 600 milk samples from 120 water buffaloes raised at different farms in 12 separate villages of the Erbaa, Turhal, and Pazar counties in the Tokat Province. The dry matter, nonfat dry matter (or solid non fat), fat, protein, lactose, and casein content of the milk samples were determined. The study results demonstrated that the mean dry matter, nonfat dry matter, fat, protein, lactose, and casein content of the raw milk samples were 16.99 +/- 0.108%, 10.88 +/- 0.036%, 5.98 +/- 0.107%, 4.85 +/- 0.043%, 5.17 +/- 0,021%, and 3.61 +/- 0.036%, respectively. The study data were evaluated according to the water buffaloes' lactation stage, parity, and season by using the SPSS statistical program. It was concluded that the sampling time, parity, village conditions, stage of lactation and calving age had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on the dry matter, nonfat dry matter, fat, protein, lactose, and casein content of raw milk from the Anatolian water buffalo.
The effects of stage of lactation, parity and calving season on somatic cell counts in Anatolian Water Buffaloes
(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2017) Sahin, Aziz; Yildirim, Arda; Ulutas, Zafer; Ugurlutepe, Emre
The present research was conducted to determine the effects of parity, calving season and stage of lactation on the somatic cell count (SCC) in Anatolian water buffaloes reared different herd conditions. In total, 2,736 SCC readings from 456 Anatolian water buffaloes were analyzed. Data were evaluated by the stage of lactation (early, mid, and late), calving season, and parity with the SPSS package program. Significant effects of calving season, parity, and stage of lactation on SCC were observed (P<0.05). The average SCC was 90,701 +/- 6,372 cells/ml. The results indicated that the SCC of buffaloes were in accordance with, even considerably lower than, the limits indicated in the related regulations of the Turkish Food Codex and those of the European Union Commission. Further studies are necessary to investigate the development of the appropriate threshold values under the conditions of Turkey.
The effects of storage temperature and storage time on the somatic cell count of anatolian buffaloes
(International Buffalo Information Center, Kasetsart University, 2019) Şahin, Aziz; Yildirim, Arda; Ulutaş, Zafer
This research examined the effects of storage temperature and storage time on the somatic cell count (SCC) of milk from Anatolian buffaloes, which was measured with the DeLaval cell counter (DCC). Storage temperature and time are among the different factors that potentially affect the SCC of Anatolian buffalo milk. In this context, 20 milk samples were collected from Anatolian Buffaloes and analyzed. The milk samples were divided into two groups according to their measured level of SCC. These two groups were the low score (?3.16 cell/ml) group and the high score (>3.16 cell/ml) group. The mean logSCC values of the low score and the high score groups were determined as 2.27±0.045 and 4.06±0.019 cells/ml, respectively. In this research, the effects of storage temperature (4ºC, 21ºC) and storage time (fresh milk, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 24 h) on logSCC were determined to be statistically significant (P<0.01). Thus, increases in storage temperature and storage time were associated with an increase in the logSCC of the milk samples. © 2019, International Buffalo Information Center, Kasetsart University. All rights reserved.
THE EFFECTS OF STORAGE TEMPERATURE AND STORAGE TIME ON THE SOMATIC CELL COUNT OF ANATOLIAN BUFFALOES
(Int Buffalo Information Ctr, 2019) Sahin, Aziz; Yildirim, Arda; Ulutas, Zafer
This research examined the effects of storage temperature and storage time on the somatic cell count (SCC) of milk from Anatolian buffaloes, which was measured with the DeLaval cell counter (DCC). Storage temperature and time are among the different factors that potentially affect the SCC of Anatolian buffalo milk. In this context, 20 milk samples were collected from Anatolian Buffaloes and analyzed. The milk samples were divided into two groups according to their measured level of SCC. These two groups were the low score (<= 3.16 cell/ml) group and the high score (>3.16 cell/ml) group. The mean logSCC values of the low score and the high score groups were determined as 2.27 +/- 0.045 and 4.06 +/- 0.019 cells/ml, respectively. In this research, the effects of storage temperature (4 degrees C, 21 degrees C) and storage time (fresh milk, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 24 h) on logSCC were determined to be statistically significant (P<0.01). Thus, increases in storage temperature and storage time were associated with an increase in the logSCC of the milk samples.
The welfare of slow growing broiler genotypes reared in organic system
(UNITED ARAB EMIRATES UNIV, 2015) Eleroglu, Hasan; Yildirim, Arda; Duman, Mustafa; Sekeroglu, Ahmet
This study study was conducted to compare welfare indicators and some serum biochemical parameters of two different slow-growing genotypes (Hubbard S757; S757 and Hubbard Grey Barred JA; GB-JA) under organic housing system. A total of 240 day-old chicks were allocated randomly into 2 experimental group with 6 replicates and 20 chicks was reared in each replicate. The tonic immobility was a significant difference between genotypes and sex at 10 and 14 weeks, respectively (P < 0.05). Overall duration of tonic immobility was similar (P > 0.05) in genotypes and sex. The effect of sex was significant for width of tarsometatarsus at the joint with tibiotarsus; males had greater fluctuating and relativite asymmetry than females (P < 0.05). There were positively correlations between fluctuating and relative asimetry values of the third phalanx of the mid toe length and the fourth phalanx of the outer toe length from specific feet trait measurements. Serum cholesterol and uric acid had significant differences between genotypes (P < 0.01). Cholesterol levels was significantly (P < 0.01) higher in male than in female slow-growing broiler. It is concluded that slow-growing genotypes and sex had no effect on measures of welfare, such as the fluctuating asymmetry, relativite asymmetry, tonic immobility and rectal temperatures.

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