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Öğe Cloud point extraction procedure for flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination of lead(II) in sediment and water samples(SPRINGER WIEN, 2007) Surme, Yavuz; Narin, Ibrahim; Soylak, Mustafa; Yuruk, Huseyin; Dogan, MehmetThe conditions for cloud point extraction of lead(II) from aqueous solutions were investigated and optimized. The procedure is based on the separation of Pb(II) - brillant cresyl blue (BCB) complexes into the micellar media by adding the surfactant Triton X-114. After phase separation, the surfactant-rich phase was dissolved with 1 mol L-1 HNO3 in ethanol and diluted with 1 mol L-1 HNO3 solution before lead was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Optimization of the pH, ligand and surfactant quantities, incubation time, temperature, viscosity, sample volume, and interfering ions was performed. The effects of the matrix ions were also examined. The detection limits for three times the standard deviations of the blank for lead were 7.5 mu g L-1 for water samples and 0.33 mu g g(-1) for sediment samples. The validity of cloud point extraction was checked by employing certified reference samples of Lake Sediment IAEA-SL-1 and Sewage Sludge BCR-CRM 144R. The procedure was applied to natural waters and sediment samples with satisfactory results (recoveries > 95%, relative standard deviations < 6.4%).Öğe Synthesis and Characterization of Conducting Copolymers of Bisphenol A-Diglycidyl Ether with Thiophene Side-Groups and Pyrrole(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2009) Sahmetlioglu, Ertugrul; Varol, Ramazan; Toppare, Levent; Yuruk, HuseyinCopolymers of bisphenol A-diglycidyl ether with thiophene side-groups and pyrrole were synthesized by electrochemical polymerization. Bisphenol A-diglycidyl ether with thiophene side-groups (DGEBATh) was obtained from the reaction between bisphenol A-diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) and thiophene-3-acetic acid. The syntheses of copolymers of DGEBATh and pyrrole were achieved electrochemically using three different supporting electrolytes, p-toluene sulfonic acid (PTSA), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TBAFB). Characterizations of DGEBATh and copolymers were performed by combination of techniques including cyclic voltammetry, scanning electron microscopy, gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, 1H-NMR and FT-IR. The conductivities were measured by the four-probe technique.Öğe Synthesis and Characterization of Conducting Copolymers of Quinoxaline Derivatives(WILEY, 2011) Turac, Ersen; Sahmetlioglu, Ertugrul; Toppare, Levent; Yuruk, HuseyinElectrochemical copolymerizations of 2,3-di(2-thienyl)quinoxaline (M1), 6-methyl-2,3-di(2-thienyl)quinoxaline (M2), and 2,3-di(2-thienyl)quinoxaline-6-yl)(phenyl)methanone (M3) with 3,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene (EDOT) were carried out in CH3CN/TBABF(4) (0.1M) solvent-electrolyte couple via potentiodynamic electrolysis. The obtained copolymers were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetry analyses (TGA). The conductivity measurements of copolymers and PEDOT were performed by the four-probe technique. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 120: 1713-1719, 2011Öğe Synthesis and characterization of conducting graft copolymers based on oligophenols(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2006) Sahmetlioglu, Ertugrul; Arikan, Ufuk; Toppare, Levent; Yuruk, Huseyin; Mart, HasanOligo-2-aminophenol (OAF) was synthesized with oxidative polycondensation of 2-aminophenol and hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous alkaline medium at 80 degrees C. Oligo-2-aminophenol with thiophene side groups (TOAF) was obtained by the reaction of OAF and thiophene-3-acetic acid. Graft copolymers of TOAF and pyrrole were synthesized by electrochemical polymerization in p-toluene sulfonic acid (PTSA)/water medium. Characterization of the graft copolymer (TOAF-g-Py), was carried out by combination of techniques including thermal gravimetry (TGA), cyclic voltametry, size-exclusion chromatography, H-1-NMR and FTIR. The conductivities were measured by the four-probe technique.Öğe Synthesis, Characterization and Optoelectrochemical Properties of Poly(2,5-di(thiophen-2-yl)-1-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)phenyl)-1H-pyrrole-co-EDOT)(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2010) Turac, Ersen; Sahmetlioglu, Ertugrul; Toppare, Levent; Yuruk, HuseyinA new polythiophene derivative was synthesized by electrochemical oxidative polymerization of 2,5-di( thiophen-2-yl)-1-(4-(thiophen-3-yl) phenyl)-1H-pyrrole (TTPP). The structure of the monomer was evaluated by H-1-NMR and FT-IR. The polymer (P(TTPP)) and its co-polymer with 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (P(TTPP-co-EDOT)) were synthesized via potentiostatic electrochemical polymerization. The resulting polymers were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), FT-IR, SEM and UV-Vis spectroscopy, and conductivity measurements. Also, the spectroelectrochemical and electrochromic properties of P(TTPP-co- EDOT) were investigated. While P(TTPP) reveals no electrochromic activity, its co-polymer with EDOT has two different colours (yellow and blue). Optical contrast, switching time, lambda(max) and band gap (E-g) of (P(TTPP-co-EDOT)) were determined. (C) Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2010