Denetim mekanizmaları açısından özel askeri şirketlerin değerlendirilmesi: Wagner ve Blackwater örnekleri
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Güvenlik, insanlığın varoluşundan bu yana süregelen, Maslow'un ihtiyaçlar hiyerarşisinin ilk basamağında yer alan temel ihtiyaçlardan biridir. Bireylerin olduğu kadar toplumların ve devletlerin de en temel ihtiyacı olan güvenlik algısı, zamanla savaş ve çatışmalarda meydana gelen yapısal değişikliklerin yani sıra tehdit algısında meydana gelen değişimler nedeniyle de farklı bir boyuta evrilmiştir. Geleneksel anlamda devletin tekelinde olan güvenlik, küreselleşmenin etkisiyle yeni bir fenomen haline gelen özelleşme akımından payını almıştır. Bunun neticesinde özel askeri şirketlerin yaygınlaşması kaçınılmaz olmuştur. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, paralı askerlik ve özel askeri şirket kavramını ele alarak güvenliğin özelleşmesine yönelik tarihsel sürece değinmek, iki kavram arasındaki farklılıkları analiz etmek, dünyanın pek çok bölgesinde aktif olarak faaliyet gösteren özel askeri şirketlerin denetlenebilirliği açısından uluslararası hukuki çerçeveye ve mevcut kanunlara yer vererek, ulusal düzeyde ABD ve Rusya'daki hukuki düzenlemeleri ele almaktır. Ayrıca bu iki ülkenin önde gelen özel askeri şirketleri Wagner ve Blackwater'ın gelişimi, faaliyet alanları, ülkeler için etkileri gibi hususlara değinerek, denetlenebilirlik açısından Wagner ve Blackwater'ı analiz etmek ve iki şirketi genel hatları ile karşılaştırarak farklarını ortaya koymak da çalışmanın amaçları arasındadır.
Security is one of the basic needs that has existed since the existence of humanity and is at the first level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs. The perception of security, which is the most basic need of societies and states as well as individuals, has evolved to a different dimension over time due to structural changes that occur in wars and conflicts, as well as changes in the perception of threat. Security, which has traditionally been the monopoly of the state, has received its share from the privatization movement, which has become a new phenomenon with the influence of globalization. As a result, the proliferation of private military companies has become inevitable. The main purpose of this study is to touch upon the historical process of privatization of security by discussing the concepts of mercenary service and private military company, and to analyze the differences between the two concepts, address the legal regulations in the USA and Russia at the national level, by including the international legal framework and existing laws in terms of the auditability of private military companies actively operating in many regions of the world. In addition, the aims of the study are to analyze Wagner and Blackwater in terms of auditability, by touching on issues such as the development of Wagner and Blackwater, the leading private military companies of these two countries, their areas of activity, their effects on the countries, and to reveal the differences by comparing the two companies in general terms.
Security is one of the basic needs that has existed since the existence of humanity and is at the first level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs. The perception of security, which is the most basic need of societies and states as well as individuals, has evolved to a different dimension over time due to structural changes that occur in wars and conflicts, as well as changes in the perception of threat. Security, which has traditionally been the monopoly of the state, has received its share from the privatization movement, which has become a new phenomenon with the influence of globalization. As a result, the proliferation of private military companies has become inevitable. The main purpose of this study is to touch upon the historical process of privatization of security by discussing the concepts of mercenary service and private military company, and to analyze the differences between the two concepts, address the legal regulations in the USA and Russia at the national level, by including the international legal framework and existing laws in terms of the auditability of private military companies actively operating in many regions of the world. In addition, the aims of the study are to analyze Wagner and Blackwater in terms of auditability, by touching on issues such as the development of Wagner and Blackwater, the leading private military companies of these two countries, their areas of activity, their effects on the countries, and to reveal the differences by comparing the two companies in general terms.
Açıklama
Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Avrasya Araştırmaları Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Savunma ve Savunma Teknolojileri, Defense and Defense Technologies, Uluslararası İlişkiler
