Osmanlı dönemi edebiyat tarihlerinin halk edebiyatına bakışı
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2013
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
de yayımlanmıştır. Türkiye’de basılan ilk Türk edebiyatı tarihi ise Abdülhalim Memduh’un Tarih-i Edebiyat-ı Osmaniye (1888)’sidir. Aradaki iki asırlık zaman dilimi, Türkçedeki edebiyat tarihi yazımının ne kadar geç kaldığını gösterir. Osmanlı dönemi edebiyat tarihleri, Osmanlı Devleti’nin son otuz dört yılında basılan sekiz kitaptan ibarettir. Bu eserlerin bir kısmında halk edebiyatı mal- zemesi, aşağılayıcı ifadelerle anılmış, edebiyattan sayılmamıştır. Bu anlayıştaki edebiyat tarihleri, folklor unsurlarını ise hiç hesaba katmamışlardır. Söz konusu eserlerin en uç noktasını Faik Reşat’ın Tarih-i Edebiyat-ı Osmaniye (1911, 1913)’si temsil eder. Fakat bazı edebiyat tarihlerinde, halk edebi- yatı, millîliğin göstergesi sayılmıştır. Şahabettin Süleyman ile Köprülüzade Mehmet Fuat’ın birlikte kaleme aldığı Yeni Osmanlı Tarih-i Edebiyatı (1914) bu konuda bir dönüm noktası olmuştur. Aynı eserlerde folklor malzemesine de önem verilmiştir. Bu tür edebiyat tarihleri için en uç noktadaki eser ise Köprülüzade Mehmet Fuat’ın Türk Edebiyatı Tarihi (1920)’dir. Osmanlı dönemi edebiyat tarihleri, halk edebiyatı ile ilgili kanaatlerini daha çok hece vezni üzerinden ortaya koymuşlardır. Bu durum, Millî Edebiyat hareketinin meydana getirdiği kültürel zeminle ilgilidir. Millî Edebiyat hareketinde bazı yazar, şair ve kültür adamları, millîleşmeyi, halk edebiyatına yönelişte yani onu model almada aramışlardır. Cumhuriyet’le birlikte Halk edebiyatı, çağdaş bir edebiyata varmanın ilham kaynağı ola- rak görülecektir. Böylece Namık Kemal’den beri devam eden ve edebiyat tarihlerine de yansıyan Divan edebiyatına hücumlar, Halk edebiyatı vasıtasıyla sonuçlandırılmış olacaktır.
The first book about Turkish literature history “Della letteratura dei Turchi” was published in Venice in 1688 by G. B. Donaldo. And the first book about Turkish literature history published in Tur- key was Tarih-i Edebiyat-ı Osmaniye (1888) by Abdülhalim Memduh. Two centuries in between the two books show us how far the task of writing a literature history book in Turkish has been delayed. There are only eight books written about the history of literature in the last 34 years of Ottoman-period. In some of these books, folk literature has been subject to offensive expressions, and has not even been counted as a literary material. Books of literature history written with such mentality did not take the folkloric elements into consideration at all. The most extreme of this kind has been Tarih-i Edebiyat-ı Osmaniye (1911, 1913) by Faik Reşat. However, folk literature has been considered as an indicator of nationality in some literature history books. Yeni Osmanlı Tarih-i Edebiyatı (1914) written by Şahabet- tin Süleyman and Köprülüzade Mehmet Fuat has been a milestone that stands as a work adopting this approach. Folkloric materials have been quite important in these books. And the most extreme of such books has been Türk Edebiyatı Tarihi (1920) by Köprülüzade Mehmet Fuat. In the books written about the history of literature in the Ottoman period, opinions about the folk literature have been put for- ward rather with emphasis on the syllabic meter, which is linked with the cultural grounds created by the movement of National Literature. Some authors, poets and intellectuals following this movement turned to folk literature taking it as a model on a quest for nationalization. With the proclamation of the Republic, folk literature started to be seen as a source of inspiration leading to modern literature. Thereby, attacks on Divan Literature, which continued since the time of Namık Kemal and also reflec- ted to the literature histories, came to an end in the hands of the folk literature.
The first book about Turkish literature history “Della letteratura dei Turchi” was published in Venice in 1688 by G. B. Donaldo. And the first book about Turkish literature history published in Tur- key was Tarih-i Edebiyat-ı Osmaniye (1888) by Abdülhalim Memduh. Two centuries in between the two books show us how far the task of writing a literature history book in Turkish has been delayed. There are only eight books written about the history of literature in the last 34 years of Ottoman-period. In some of these books, folk literature has been subject to offensive expressions, and has not even been counted as a literary material. Books of literature history written with such mentality did not take the folkloric elements into consideration at all. The most extreme of this kind has been Tarih-i Edebiyat-ı Osmaniye (1911, 1913) by Faik Reşat. However, folk literature has been considered as an indicator of nationality in some literature history books. Yeni Osmanlı Tarih-i Edebiyatı (1914) written by Şahabet- tin Süleyman and Köprülüzade Mehmet Fuat has been a milestone that stands as a work adopting this approach. Folkloric materials have been quite important in these books. And the most extreme of such books has been Türk Edebiyatı Tarihi (1920) by Köprülüzade Mehmet Fuat. In the books written about the history of literature in the Ottoman period, opinions about the folk literature have been put for- ward rather with emphasis on the syllabic meter, which is linked with the cultural grounds created by the movement of National Literature. Some authors, poets and intellectuals following this movement turned to folk literature taking it as a model on a quest for nationalization. With the proclamation of the Republic, folk literature started to be seen as a source of inspiration leading to modern literature. Thereby, attacks on Divan Literature, which continued since the time of Namık Kemal and also reflec- ted to the literature histories, came to an end in the hands of the folk literature.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Folklor
Kaynak
Milli Folklor Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
N/A
Scopus Q Değeri
Q2
Cilt
13
Sayı
99
