Kit Abu İkazi'l Bi Sireti'l-Meliki'l-Adil Nureddin Eş-Şehid
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
1998
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Niğde Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
i ÖZET Musul Atabegliği Büyük Selçuklu Devleti'ne tabi bir devlet iken, Selçuklu Devleti'nin parçalanmaya yüz tuttuğu bir dönemde müstakil hareket etmeye başlamıştır. Selçuklular'daki bu Atabeglik unvanı, sultan çocuklarının terbiyesi ile uğraşan kişilere verilmiştir. Bu unvan ilk olarak Selçuklu Veziri Nizâmü'l-Mülk'e verilmiştir. Atabegler Selçuklu hanedanına mensup şehzadeyi sultan ilan edebilmek için uğraşırken, devletin zayıflamasıyla birlikte kendi hâkimiyetlerini kurmaya başladılar. Zengîler işte bu şekilde ortaya çıktı. Nureddin Mahmud da Zengîler'in en meşhurlarındandır. Bu beyliğin kurucusu olan İmâdeddîn Zengî, Büyük Selçuklu Sultanı Melikşâh'm ünlü komutanlarından ve Haleb valisi olan Kasîmü'd-Devle Aksungur'un oğludur. 1126'da Aksungur'un şehid edilmesinden sonra, yerine Sultan Mahmud tarafından atabeg tayin edildi. 1118 yılında dünyaya gelen Nureddin Mahmud, babasının 1146'da ölümünden sonra Haleb'e gelerek ülkenin batısına hâkim oldu. Doğusuna da kardeşi Seyfeddin Gâzî hâkim oldu. Ancak Nureddin Mahmud'a tabi olarak hüküm sürdü. Nureddin Mahmud 28 yıllık hükümdarlığı müddetince, Müslümanlar arasında birlik ve beraberliği sağlayarak haçlılara karşı büyük başarılar kazanmıştır. Nureddin Mahmud, Hıristiyanların eline geçen Kudüs'ü fethettikten sonra İstanbul'u dahi fethetmeyi düşünen, adaletiyle Hz. Ömer ve Ömer b. Abdulaziz'den sonra en âdil hükümdar olarak tarihe geçen büyük bir devlet adamıdır. Ancak 1174 yılında boğaz iltihabından vefat ederek ömrünün kifayet etmemesi, bu ideallerin gerçekleşmesine engel olmuştur. Nureddin Mahmud'un ölümünden sonra bir müddet daha varlığını devam ettiren Zengîler, Eyyûbîler'den Bedreddin Lü'lü'nün hâkimiyeti altına girerek 1233 yılına kadar hüküm sürmüştür.İİ İncelemiş olduğumuz Muhammed b. Ebu Bekr İbn-i Ebu'l-Vefa'nın, Kitâbu Îkâzü'l-Gâfıl Bi Siyreti'l Meliki'1-Âdil Nureddin Eş-Şehîd adlı eseri, Nureddin Mahmud Zengî'nin şahsiyetim çeşitli yönleriyle anlatan monografık bir eserdir. Yazar eserde, Nureddin Mahmud'un doğumu gençliği ve idareyi ele alışına kadar geçen süreyi anlattıktan sonra, karakteri ve faaliyetlerini örnekler vererek izah eder. Eser altı fasıldan teşekkül etmiştir. Bunlar sırasıyla şu konuları ihtiva etmektedir. 1.Birinci fasıl Nureddin Mahmud'un ileri görüşlülüğü, cesareti, kahramanlığı ve harp sahasındaki uzmanlığından bahsetmektedir. 2.İkinci fasıl Nureddin Mahmud'un yaptığı imar ve kültür faaliyetlerini anlatır. 3.Üçüncü fasılda Nureddin Mahmud'un zühd ve takvası, mala mülke kıymet vermemesi izah edilir. 4.Dördüncü fasıl Nureddin'in vakıf, cami, hastahane, Dâru'l-hadis, tekke ve zaviye yapımı gibi faaliyetlerinden bahseder. 5.Beşinci fasılda Nureddin Mahmud'un gazveleri ve kendisi ile ilgili bazı kevnî hadiseler (tabiat olayları) anlatılır. 6.Altıncı fasılda Nureddin Mahmud hakkında söylenmiş methiyeler yer almaktadır. Eserde yazar, Nureddin Mahmud'un hayatını, devrindeki insanlara anlatıp halka mâl etmek maksadında olduğunu görmekteyiz. Bu düşünceden hareketle biz de yazarın bu eserini Türkçe'ye çevirerek günümüz insanına ve gelecek nesillere, özellikle bilim dünyasına tanıtmaya çalıştık.
III ABSTRACT While Musul was a state dependent of the Government of Selçuklu, the rulers of the state beyan to act independently in the period in which the Selçuklu Government was going to seperate. This state -owned name was given to those who dealet with the education of Sultan's children. While state -owners had been trying to declare shahzadad from Selçuklu family as a Sultan, they initiated to establish their own domination with the getting weak of Selçuklu. Zengi also appeared with the same way. Nureddin Mahmut is one of the well - known man of them. İmâdeddin, Zengi, the establisher of state, is one of the famous comanders of Melikşah - the Sultan of Great Selçuklu Government - and he is the son of Kasimüd - Devle Aksungur, the Governor of Halep in 1126, after Aksungur's death of markyr, İmâdeddin Zengi was appointed as state - owner instead of him. Nureddin Mahmud who was born in 1118, came to Halep and he ruled the west part of the country after his father's deathin 1146. His brother, Seyfeddin Gazi also ruled the east part of the country. But his sovereignity was under the control of Nureddin Mahmud. In his sovereignity, lasting 28 year, he provided a unity among muslims and he was victorious against "crusades". Nureddin Mahmud was a great ruler, and he was best known for his lawfulness in history coming after Hz. Ömer and Ömer b. Abdülaziz's lawfulness. After he conquered Kudüs city which was under the reign of Christians, he also planned to couguer "Istanbul". But he died of stomach inflammation in 1174, and his death was a sad hinderance to his ideals. After the death of Nureddin Mahmud, the existence of "Zengiler" still lasted, and their existence continued until 1233 under the sovereignity of Bedreddin Lû'lü. İn this study Kitâbu îkâzi'l - Gafil Bi Sîreti'l Meliki'l - Adil Nureddin Eş- Şehid surveyed is written by Muhammed b. Ebu Bekr İbn-i Ebu'1-Vefa, and is aIV monografıc work explaining the character of Nureddin Mahmut Zengi in several ways. After explaning the life until he became the ruler of the kingdom, this study goesfurthar to examine - his birth, his youth, his character and his works briefly by giving examples. Thos work of art is consisted of six parts. The subjects of these parts are as follows; 1. The first part is about Nureddin Mahmud's braveness, his courage and his speciality and his success in battles. 2. The second part is about Nureddin Mahmud's contributions to thecultural reconstruction. 3. The third part explains his piety and devotron, and the fact that he never gave much importance to richness and property. 4. The fourth part tells about his works in reconstructing mosques, hospitals, foundations, chapel of dervishness etc... 5. The fifth part is abouthe natural events related to Nureddin Mahmud. 6. The sixth part is consisted of eulogys which had been narrated about Nureddin Mahmut. While explaining the life of Nureddin Mahmud and the people of his time, it is observed that the writer aimed at of informing people about him. With this intention we tried to informate this bok to the people of today and tomorrow, and especially to the world of science. By translating the book from Arabic to our language we have given Turkish language a masterpiece.
III ABSTRACT While Musul was a state dependent of the Government of Selçuklu, the rulers of the state beyan to act independently in the period in which the Selçuklu Government was going to seperate. This state -owned name was given to those who dealet with the education of Sultan's children. While state -owners had been trying to declare shahzadad from Selçuklu family as a Sultan, they initiated to establish their own domination with the getting weak of Selçuklu. Zengi also appeared with the same way. Nureddin Mahmut is one of the well - known man of them. İmâdeddin, Zengi, the establisher of state, is one of the famous comanders of Melikşah - the Sultan of Great Selçuklu Government - and he is the son of Kasimüd - Devle Aksungur, the Governor of Halep in 1126, after Aksungur's death of markyr, İmâdeddin Zengi was appointed as state - owner instead of him. Nureddin Mahmud who was born in 1118, came to Halep and he ruled the west part of the country after his father's deathin 1146. His brother, Seyfeddin Gazi also ruled the east part of the country. But his sovereignity was under the control of Nureddin Mahmud. In his sovereignity, lasting 28 year, he provided a unity among muslims and he was victorious against "crusades". Nureddin Mahmud was a great ruler, and he was best known for his lawfulness in history coming after Hz. Ömer and Ömer b. Abdülaziz's lawfulness. After he conquered Kudüs city which was under the reign of Christians, he also planned to couguer "Istanbul". But he died of stomach inflammation in 1174, and his death was a sad hinderance to his ideals. After the death of Nureddin Mahmud, the existence of "Zengiler" still lasted, and their existence continued until 1233 under the sovereignity of Bedreddin Lû'lü. İn this study Kitâbu îkâzi'l - Gafil Bi Sîreti'l Meliki'l - Adil Nureddin Eş- Şehid surveyed is written by Muhammed b. Ebu Bekr İbn-i Ebu'1-Vefa, and is aIV monografıc work explaining the character of Nureddin Mahmut Zengi in several ways. After explaning the life until he became the ruler of the kingdom, this study goesfurthar to examine - his birth, his youth, his character and his works briefly by giving examples. Thos work of art is consisted of six parts. The subjects of these parts are as follows; 1. The first part is about Nureddin Mahmud's braveness, his courage and his speciality and his success in battles. 2. The second part is about Nureddin Mahmud's contributions to thecultural reconstruction. 3. The third part explains his piety and devotron, and the fact that he never gave much importance to richness and property. 4. The fourth part tells about his works in reconstructing mosques, hospitals, foundations, chapel of dervishness etc... 5. The fifth part is abouthe natural events related to Nureddin Mahmud. 6. The sixth part is consisted of eulogys which had been narrated about Nureddin Mahmut. While explaining the life of Nureddin Mahmud and the people of his time, it is observed that the writer aimed at of informing people about him. With this intention we tried to informate this bok to the people of today and tomorrow, and especially to the world of science. By translating the book from Arabic to our language we have given Turkish language a masterpiece.
Açıklama
Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ortaçağ Tarihi Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Tarih, History
