KÜRESELLEŞMENİN EKONOMİK BOYUTU VE YOKSULLUK: AFRİKA ÖRNEĞİ
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2017
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Ülkelerarası serbest piyasa dolaşımının artması olarak karşımıza çıkan küreselleşmenin ekonomik boyutu günümüzde de bu anlamını korumaktadır. Özellikle 1970 ten önce uluslararası ekonomik ve ticari faaliyetler değişiminde söz konusu iken, 1970 sonrasında sermayenin küresel bir arenada dolaşımının önemi giderek artmıştır. Bretton Woods sisteminden sonra limitsiz özgürlük kavramının ortaya çıkması, az gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerin ekonomik durumlarında ciddi problemlere neden olmaktadır. Borsa veya tahvil yoluyla zengin ülkelerin yüksek kar etmesini amaçlayan bu sistemde sermayeye ihtiyaç duyan az gelişmiş ülkelere para aktarımının yüksek faizle yapılması her iki taraf arasında gelir eşitsizliğine ve akabinde yoksulluğa neden olmaktadır. Çalışmada yoksulluğun küresel ekonomik bütünleşme sürecindeki yeri açıklanmakta, para dolaşımındaki ekonomik farklılaşma ülke ve yıl bazında incelenmiştir
The aim of this study is to show that globalization and the concept of poverty spread all over the world, and that the vital proportions of Africa are incomparable to the rest of the world. The concept of globalization has begun to create an area of influence that has triggered the emergence of the industrial revolution and the competition between the countries. The destruction of the SSCB and the aim of establishing a new world order revealed the existence of those who advocated a more peaceful and equal world. But the completion of economic, financial and political globalization phases brought together grouping and regionalization. The devastating effect of the First and Second World Wars with weapons creates a modern destructive effect in this period called globalization. In these roles, western countries, where the share of cake is big, are creating a world that suits them in the way they aim to achieve "world equality" with the tight monetary policies and embargoes they are applying to less developed and underdeveloped countries. With a brief overview, economic globalization is a concept introduced by the world countries and it is a kind of concept established for the creation of a single world order by the collapse of the SSCB. Economic globalization is essential for countries to have a global partnership in a political sense. Therefore, the EU in particular has taken steps to make sure that it has set up various economic communities for a better world, aimed at the provision of free markets, and that the common currency should be used among these countries. The globalization that emerged with these movements continues in the 21st century and still feels its effect on the countries. Unfortunately, the lack of political equality among the countries, the differences in industry, trade activities, labor-capital concepts play a serious role in the country's economy; globalization has changed the method of implementation. In today's century, a new page has been opened in the economy with the increase of income inequality, the increase of the general level of prices, the depreciation of the national currencies. This page is a page full of disappointments for the undeveloped countries that are not clean, economically independent or even self-sufficient for the western countries that hold the economic hegemony in their hands. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the African countries in particular. The monetary policies of the IMF and the World Bank were not enough for the major countries to save themselves, or even fall into debt, making existing economies harder. In this globalization process, in which the winner is less than lost, the gap between rich and poor and poor is increasing. This gap will lay the groundwork for the collapse of the economic system and the progression of the nations to the point where they can not control it. Especially after the Bretton Woods system, with the financial globalization, a growing volume of money in the last 20-30 years is moving unchecked but globally. While certain regions of the world hold a significant portion of the world's income, another very large part of the world can benefit from a very small portion of the world's wealth. Countries that are important here are especially African countries. It is not surprising that African countries, which have not had political power for many years, expect liberation in this sense. But this system, benefiting from this political vacuum, unfortunately will not provide a living space for the people there - even if the climatic conditions of the region are taken into consideration. As we have witnessed in recent history, 11 million people in Somalia are in danger of hunger and death. This is about 3 million 700 thousand people, about half of the population is facing direct starvation. Political instability in the region and tribal conflicts almost support these crises. In these regions, including Ivory Coast, Congo Republic, Sudan, Syria, Yemen, and Arakan, terrorism-related violence has increased, followed by imperialist powers restructuring the concept of financial globalization in order to bring prosperity to these regions. After these events, financial globalization, which is now becoming relative, has played a role in continuing to take certain economies to the fore, by watching the growing economic depression among countries. As a result; these economic differences, which are not seen only in African countries, unfortunately caused great distress among the biggest economies. For example, "Although the GNP per capita of the American people increased in real terms in 1973 and 1994, the average wage of 3/4 of the workers decreased by 19%. Today, 1 out of 8 Americans live on the border of poverty. In addition, the 1994 financial crisis in Mexico, Bankruptcy of Bahrain Bank in February 1995; monetary crises in many East Asian countries; The recent monetary and financial crises in Argentina are also supporting the negativity of globalization not only by country but also by world. The main objective of concrete steps to be taken to change this picture is; it should be eliminating the inequalities that are much more than making more money. The proliferation of regionalism, along with globalization, will facilitate greater investment in the advantages that exist in the country to better carry the economy of each region or nation, and thereby facilitate the creation of a more equal global world by creating selfsufficient economies. The best results to be obtained through the determinations made after the data are the data processed in the model; if we suppose that this world is all of us, it is to keep the financial globalization movement within the appropriate economic activities by not forgetting that the assistance that needs to be made to the African countries in the global sense is made urgently and that the people living there also have the right to life.
The aim of this study is to show that globalization and the concept of poverty spread all over the world, and that the vital proportions of Africa are incomparable to the rest of the world. The concept of globalization has begun to create an area of influence that has triggered the emergence of the industrial revolution and the competition between the countries. The destruction of the SSCB and the aim of establishing a new world order revealed the existence of those who advocated a more peaceful and equal world. But the completion of economic, financial and political globalization phases brought together grouping and regionalization. The devastating effect of the First and Second World Wars with weapons creates a modern destructive effect in this period called globalization. In these roles, western countries, where the share of cake is big, are creating a world that suits them in the way they aim to achieve "world equality" with the tight monetary policies and embargoes they are applying to less developed and underdeveloped countries. With a brief overview, economic globalization is a concept introduced by the world countries and it is a kind of concept established for the creation of a single world order by the collapse of the SSCB. Economic globalization is essential for countries to have a global partnership in a political sense. Therefore, the EU in particular has taken steps to make sure that it has set up various economic communities for a better world, aimed at the provision of free markets, and that the common currency should be used among these countries. The globalization that emerged with these movements continues in the 21st century and still feels its effect on the countries. Unfortunately, the lack of political equality among the countries, the differences in industry, trade activities, labor-capital concepts play a serious role in the country's economy; globalization has changed the method of implementation. In today's century, a new page has been opened in the economy with the increase of income inequality, the increase of the general level of prices, the depreciation of the national currencies. This page is a page full of disappointments for the undeveloped countries that are not clean, economically independent or even self-sufficient for the western countries that hold the economic hegemony in their hands. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the African countries in particular. The monetary policies of the IMF and the World Bank were not enough for the major countries to save themselves, or even fall into debt, making existing economies harder. In this globalization process, in which the winner is less than lost, the gap between rich and poor and poor is increasing. This gap will lay the groundwork for the collapse of the economic system and the progression of the nations to the point where they can not control it. Especially after the Bretton Woods system, with the financial globalization, a growing volume of money in the last 20-30 years is moving unchecked but globally. While certain regions of the world hold a significant portion of the world's income, another very large part of the world can benefit from a very small portion of the world's wealth. Countries that are important here are especially African countries. It is not surprising that African countries, which have not had political power for many years, expect liberation in this sense. But this system, benefiting from this political vacuum, unfortunately will not provide a living space for the people there - even if the climatic conditions of the region are taken into consideration. As we have witnessed in recent history, 11 million people in Somalia are in danger of hunger and death. This is about 3 million 700 thousand people, about half of the population is facing direct starvation. Political instability in the region and tribal conflicts almost support these crises. In these regions, including Ivory Coast, Congo Republic, Sudan, Syria, Yemen, and Arakan, terrorism-related violence has increased, followed by imperialist powers restructuring the concept of financial globalization in order to bring prosperity to these regions. After these events, financial globalization, which is now becoming relative, has played a role in continuing to take certain economies to the fore, by watching the growing economic depression among countries. As a result; these economic differences, which are not seen only in African countries, unfortunately caused great distress among the biggest economies. For example, "Although the GNP per capita of the American people increased in real terms in 1973 and 1994, the average wage of 3/4 of the workers decreased by 19%. Today, 1 out of 8 Americans live on the border of poverty. In addition, the 1994 financial crisis in Mexico, Bankruptcy of Bahrain Bank in February 1995; monetary crises in many East Asian countries; The recent monetary and financial crises in Argentina are also supporting the negativity of globalization not only by country but also by world. The main objective of concrete steps to be taken to change this picture is; it should be eliminating the inequalities that are much more than making more money. The proliferation of regionalism, along with globalization, will facilitate greater investment in the advantages that exist in the country to better carry the economy of each region or nation, and thereby facilitate the creation of a more equal global world by creating selfsufficient economies. The best results to be obtained through the determinations made after the data are the data processed in the model; if we suppose that this world is all of us, it is to keep the financial globalization movement within the appropriate economic activities by not forgetting that the assistance that needs to be made to the African countries in the global sense is made urgently and that the people living there also have the right to life.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Sosyal Bilimler, Disiplinler Arası
Kaynak
Turkish Studies (Elektronik)
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
12
Sayı
31
