Rüzgâr enerjisi santrallerinin yarasalar üzerine etkileri
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Türkiye'de hızla yaygınlaşmaya başlayan rüzgâr türbinlerinin yarasalar üzerine etkileri bu çalışmada ele alınmıştır. Bu amaçla Balıkesir, Isparta, Kırklareli, Muğla ve Tekirdağ illerinde yer alan birer rüzgâr enerjisi santralinde 2018-2019 yılları arasında ölü birey taraması yapılmıştır. Bunların dışında santral alanını kullanan potansiyel türlerin tespiti için ses (akustik) kayıtları alınmıştır. Türbinlerden etkilenen yarasa türlerinin aylara, santrale, türbinlere, cinsiyete ve yaşa göre dağılımları, ölümlere neden olabileceği düşünülen türbin özellikleri ve hava koşulları değerlendirilmiştir. Türbinlerde en fazla ölü bulunan türler, sırasıyla Pipistrellus pipistrellus (% 54,1), Pipistrellus nathusii (% 18,2) ve Hypsugo savii (% 8,2)'dir. Santraller arasında ölü sayısı türbin başına 2,43-5,17 birey ve megawatt başına ise 0,88-3,23 birey olarak belirlenmiştir. En fazla ölümün türbinlerden 0-30 m uzaklıkta, aylara göre temmuz-eylül arasında, cinsiyete göre dişilerde (% 41) ve yaşa göre ergin bireylerde (% 66) olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca sıcaklığın 16 oC'nin üzerinde ve rüzgâr hızının 3,5-4,5 m/sn arasında olduğu günlerde ağaçlık alanları beslenme, tüneme vb. durumlarında kullanan türlerin ölü sayısının daha fazla olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
The effects of wind turbines, which are rapidly becoming widespread in Turkey, on bats are discussed in this study. For this purpose, dead individuals were surveyed in a wind power plant in Balıkesir, Isparta, Kırklareli, Muğla and Tekirdağ provinces between 2018-2019. Apart from these, sound (acoustic) recordings were taken to determine potential species using the power plant area. The distribution of bat species affected by turbines by months, power plant, turbines, sex and age, turbine features and weather conditions that are thought to cause mortality were evaluated. The most dead species in turbines are Pipistrellus pipistrellus (54.1%), Pipistrellus nathusii (18.2%) and Hypsugo savii (8.2%), respectively. The death toll among the power plants was determined as 2.43-5.17 individuals per turbine and 0.88-3.23 individuals per megawatt. The highest mortality was observed at a distance of 0-30 m from the turbines, between July and September, in females (41%) and adults (66%) by sex and age, respectively. In addition, it was determined that the number of deaths was higher in species using wooded areas for feeding, roosting, etc. on days when the temperature was above 16 oC and the wind speed was between 3.5-4.5 m/s.
The effects of wind turbines, which are rapidly becoming widespread in Turkey, on bats are discussed in this study. For this purpose, dead individuals were surveyed in a wind power plant in Balıkesir, Isparta, Kırklareli, Muğla and Tekirdağ provinces between 2018-2019. Apart from these, sound (acoustic) recordings were taken to determine potential species using the power plant area. The distribution of bat species affected by turbines by months, power plant, turbines, sex and age, turbine features and weather conditions that are thought to cause mortality were evaluated. The most dead species in turbines are Pipistrellus pipistrellus (54.1%), Pipistrellus nathusii (18.2%) and Hypsugo savii (8.2%), respectively. The death toll among the power plants was determined as 2.43-5.17 individuals per turbine and 0.88-3.23 individuals per megawatt. The highest mortality was observed at a distance of 0-30 m from the turbines, between July and September, in females (41%) and adults (66%) by sex and age, respectively. In addition, it was determined that the number of deaths was higher in species using wooded areas for feeding, roosting, etc. on days when the temperature was above 16 oC and the wind speed was between 3.5-4.5 m/s.
Açıklama
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Biyoloji Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Biyoloji, Biology, Zooloji
