Selahaddin Eyyubi ve Haçlılar
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2010
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Niğde Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Selâhaddin Eyyûbî (1138-1193), Türk-İslam Dünyası'nın yetiştirdiği en büyük devlet adamlarından birisidir. Gerek şahsiyeti gerek faaliyetleri ile tüm dünya milletlerini etkilemiş ve tüm hayatını İslam uğruna mücadele ile geçirmiştir. Orta Doğu'da kök salan Haçlı varlığına karşı dönem dönem çok etkili mücadeleler veren Müslüman liderler çıkmıştır. İmâdüddin Zengî ile başlayan ciddi uğraşlarda Haçlılar, inisiyatifi kaybetmişler ve sahip oldukları toprakları koruma gayretine düşmüşlerdir. Nûreddin Mahmud `un liderliğinde sürdürülen mücadele dönemine ise genel olarak Şirkûh ve Selâhaddin Eyyûbî damga vurmuştur. Haçlılara karşı mücadele eden tüm devlet adamları içinde en büyük işleri başarmak Selâhaddin Eyyûbî'ye nasip olmuştur.Nûreddin Mahmud Zengî'nin, Haçlılara karşı cihadına yakından tanıklık etmiş olan Selâhaddin Eyyûbî, halefinden fazlaca etkilenmiş ve Nûreddin Mahmud'un ölümünden sonra bu politikayı devam ettirmiş, İslam Dünyası'nı bir arada tutmaya çalışmış ve fırsat buldukça Haçlılara çok ağır darbeler vurmuştur. Hıttîn Savaşı'nda Haçlıları bozguna uğratmış ve sonrasında giriştiği fetih faaliyetinde birçok şehirle birlikte Kutsal Şehir Kudüs'ü de fethetmiştir.Kudüs'ün fethi üzerine düzenlenen III. Haçlı seferinde her ne kadar Akka'nın, Haçlıların eline geçmesine engel olamamışsa da insanüstü bir gayret ve azimle mücadelesini sürdürmüş, Kudüs'e Haçlıları yaklaştırmamış ve onları dar bir sahil şeridine hapsetmiştir. Büyük bir azim, gayret ve ümitlerle hayata geçirilen bu `'Krallar'ın Seferi''nde çok ünlü Hıristiyan kralları, elleri boş bir şekilde memleketlerine yollamıştır. 1192 yılında yapılan anlaşma ile seferin mücadele kısmı son bulmuş ve Selâhaddin Eyyûbî, 1193 yılında vefat etmiştir.Selâhaddin Eyyûbi, 1164-1192 yılları arasını mücadeleyle geçirmiş ve çok ciddi uğraşlar, savaşlar vermiştir. Fakat Selâhaddin Eyyûbî ve Eyyûbîler konusu, Ramazan Şeşen'in eserleri dışında pek araştırılmış bir konu değildir. Haçlı Seferleri Tarihi çalışmalarında Selâhaddin Eyyûbî'nin, Haçlılarla mücadelesi anlatılmaktadır. Ancak Selâhaddin Eyyûbî-Haçlılar mücadelesini bir arada bulmak mümkün değildir. Bu çalışmada Selâhaddin Eyyûbî'nin, Haçlılarla ilk karşılaşmasından ölümüne kadar olan mücadelesi kronolojik olarak anlatılmaya çalışılmıştır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Selâhaddin Eyyûbî, Haçlılar, Üçüncü Haçlı Seferi
Saladin Ayyubid (1138-1193), is one of the greatest national leaders who the Turkish-Islamic World has raised. He influenced all of the nations in the world both with his personality and his actions, and passed all his life fighting for Islam. From time to time, there have been Muslim leaders who severely struggled against the existence of Crusaders, which took root in the Middle East. In the serious fights starting with Zeng İmâdüddin, the Crusaders lost their initiative and tried hard to save the land which they own. As for the struggle period carried on under the leadership of Nureddin Mahmud, generally Şirkûh and Saladin Ayyubid left their mark. Among all the national leaders struggling against the Crusaders, Saladin Ayyubid was vouchsafed to accomplish the greatest works.Saladin Ayyubid, who closely witnessed the jihad of Nureddin Mahmud Zeng against the Crusaders, was deeply influenced from his successor and continued this policy after Nureddin Mahmud?s death, tried to hold the Islamic World together, and inflicted heavy blows on the Crusaders, on occasions. He defeated the Crusaders in Hattin War, and in the conquest activities that he carried out afterwards, he conquered Jerusalem, the Holy City; along with many cities.Although he couldn?t restrain the conquest of Acre by the Crusaders in the Third Crusade, made upon the conquest of Jerusalem; he continued his struggle with ceaseless effort and determination, kept the Crusaders away from Jerusalem, and jailed them in a narrow coast line. He sent the Christian kings to their homeland with empty hands in this ?Royal Expeditionary? which was put into practice with great determination, effort and hope. The fight part of the expedition came to an end with the accord signed in 1192, and Saladin Ayyubid passed away in 1193.Saladin Ayyubid, spent the time between 1164 and 1192 with struggle, and fought and strove seriously. However, Saladin Ayyubid and the subject of Ayyubids haven?t been researched much, except for the works of Ramazan Şeşen. In the History of the Crusades works, the fight of Saladin Ayyubid with the Crusaders is told. However, it is not possible to find the Saladin Ayyubid-the Crusaders fight together. In this study, the struggle of Saladin Ayyubid, from his first encounter with the Crusaders till his death, is attempted to be told, chronologically.Key Words: Saladin Ayyubid, The Crusaders, The Third Crusade
Saladin Ayyubid (1138-1193), is one of the greatest national leaders who the Turkish-Islamic World has raised. He influenced all of the nations in the world both with his personality and his actions, and passed all his life fighting for Islam. From time to time, there have been Muslim leaders who severely struggled against the existence of Crusaders, which took root in the Middle East. In the serious fights starting with Zeng İmâdüddin, the Crusaders lost their initiative and tried hard to save the land which they own. As for the struggle period carried on under the leadership of Nureddin Mahmud, generally Şirkûh and Saladin Ayyubid left their mark. Among all the national leaders struggling against the Crusaders, Saladin Ayyubid was vouchsafed to accomplish the greatest works.Saladin Ayyubid, who closely witnessed the jihad of Nureddin Mahmud Zeng against the Crusaders, was deeply influenced from his successor and continued this policy after Nureddin Mahmud?s death, tried to hold the Islamic World together, and inflicted heavy blows on the Crusaders, on occasions. He defeated the Crusaders in Hattin War, and in the conquest activities that he carried out afterwards, he conquered Jerusalem, the Holy City; along with many cities.Although he couldn?t restrain the conquest of Acre by the Crusaders in the Third Crusade, made upon the conquest of Jerusalem; he continued his struggle with ceaseless effort and determination, kept the Crusaders away from Jerusalem, and jailed them in a narrow coast line. He sent the Christian kings to their homeland with empty hands in this ?Royal Expeditionary? which was put into practice with great determination, effort and hope. The fight part of the expedition came to an end with the accord signed in 1192, and Saladin Ayyubid passed away in 1193.Saladin Ayyubid, spent the time between 1164 and 1192 with struggle, and fought and strove seriously. However, Saladin Ayyubid and the subject of Ayyubids haven?t been researched much, except for the works of Ramazan Şeşen. In the History of the Crusades works, the fight of Saladin Ayyubid with the Crusaders is told. However, it is not possible to find the Saladin Ayyubid-the Crusaders fight together. In this study, the struggle of Saladin Ayyubid, from his first encounter with the Crusaders till his death, is attempted to be told, chronologically.Key Words: Saladin Ayyubid, The Crusaders, The Third Crusade
Açıklama
Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Tarih Bölümü, Tarih Ana Bilim Dalı, Ortaçağ Tarihi Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Tarih, History
