Eko-Anarşizm İçin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz: Kropotkin/Bookchin Örneği
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Tarih
2017
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Ekolojik düşünce, biyoloji alanındaki gelişmelere dayalı analizlerin sosyal bilimlere yansıması bağlamında, yeni sol hareketlerle eklemlenerek ortaya çıkan modern bir düşünce tarzıdır. Söz konusu düşünce, doğa ile insan arasındaki ilişkiyi evrensel bütünlüğün eşit bir bileşeni olarak insan kavrayışına kaydırırken aynı insanın politik özne konumunu da tartışmaya açmıştır. Yeni solun, doğaya tahakküm eden özneye odaklı analizleri, eko-anarşizmin önünü açarak Bookchin ve Kropotkin açısından ekolojik dengeye dayalı anarşist bir toplum önerisini de inşa eder. Marksizmden koparak eko-anarşizme kayan bu figürler, kapitalizm eleştirisi yaparak çevrecilikten farklı olarak, yeni bir toplum oluşturma iddiasında olmuştur. Bu makalede ekoloji hareketini hazırlayan bilimsel ve felsefi gelişmeler değerlendirilerek eko-anarşizmin toplum projesinin yapısal özellikleri analiz edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bookchin ve Kropotkin gibi sol ekolojistler meseleyi sınıf tartışmasından otorite karşıtlığına kaydırmaları itibariyle ekolojiyi anarşist mevziden yorumlamışlardır. İnsanın doğa üzerindeki tahakkümü, insanın insan üzerindeki tahakkümüne yol açtığına göre insan üzerindeki otoritenin kırılması bu ilişkiyi çözmekle gerçekleşir. Dolayısıyla adem-i merkezi, biyo-bölgesel üretim tarzıyla iktidarı yerel cemaatlere devretmeyi öneren bu tavır sistemi yeniden üreten çevrecilikten de ayrışır. Marksizmin toplumsal tahakküm ilişkilerini içselleştiren emeğin sömürüsü kavramını terk ederek Marksizmden kopan ekoanarşistler köktenci kapitalizm eleştirisi üzerinden doğayı koruyan sanayi fikrine yaslanan çevreciliğe de uzaktır. Doğada erekselliği reddeden eko-anarşizmin önerdiği yenidünyanın anahtarı kendiliğindenliğe dayalı ekosistem olacaktır
Ecological notion is a modern way of thinking arisen by joining to new left movements in the context of reflection of the analyses depending on developments in the field of biology to social sciences. The notion in question both extract the relation between nature and human to human understanding as an equal component of universal integrity and open political subject state of human up for discussion. New left’s human centered analyses which dominate the nature build an anarchical society offer of Bookchin and Kropotkin depending on ecological balance by leading up the eco-anarchism. These figures shifting from Marxism to eco-anarchism purport to establish a new society, which is different from environmentalism by criticizing the Capitalism. In this study, structural features of society project of eco-anarchism have been analyzed by evaluating scientific and philosophical developments preparing the ecology movement. Left ecologists such as Bookchin and Kropotkin have interpreted the ecology in terms of anarchist as they direct this matter from class discussion towards becoming anti- authorization. As the human’s domination on the nature leads to the human’s domination on the human, breaking the authority on the human carries out by means of solving this relationship. Accordingly, this attitude, which suggests transferring the power to local communities through the decentralization and bio-regional mode of production differs from environmentalism reproducing the system. The eco-anarchists leaving from Marxism by means of abandoning the concept of exploitation of labor that internalizes Marxism's social domination relations are also away from environmentalism that relies on industry idea protecting nature through the critique of fundamentalist capitalism. The new world's key that is proposed by the eco-anarchism denying the teleology in the nature will be ecosystem based on spontaneousness
Ecological notion is a modern way of thinking arisen by joining to new left movements in the context of reflection of the analyses depending on developments in the field of biology to social sciences. The notion in question both extract the relation between nature and human to human understanding as an equal component of universal integrity and open political subject state of human up for discussion. New left’s human centered analyses which dominate the nature build an anarchical society offer of Bookchin and Kropotkin depending on ecological balance by leading up the eco-anarchism. These figures shifting from Marxism to eco-anarchism purport to establish a new society, which is different from environmentalism by criticizing the Capitalism. In this study, structural features of society project of eco-anarchism have been analyzed by evaluating scientific and philosophical developments preparing the ecology movement. Left ecologists such as Bookchin and Kropotkin have interpreted the ecology in terms of anarchist as they direct this matter from class discussion towards becoming anti- authorization. As the human’s domination on the nature leads to the human’s domination on the human, breaking the authority on the human carries out by means of solving this relationship. Accordingly, this attitude, which suggests transferring the power to local communities through the decentralization and bio-regional mode of production differs from environmentalism reproducing the system. The eco-anarchists leaving from Marxism by means of abandoning the concept of exploitation of labor that internalizes Marxism's social domination relations are also away from environmentalism that relies on industry idea protecting nature through the critique of fundamentalist capitalism. The new world's key that is proposed by the eco-anarchism denying the teleology in the nature will be ecosystem based on spontaneousness
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Mimarlık, Kentsel Çalışmalar
Kaynak
İdealkent
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
8
Sayı
21
