Türkiye'de demokrasinin yerleşmesinin gecikmesinde kültürel faktörlerin yeri
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2003
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Niğde Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
ÖZET Bu çalışma, Türkiye'de demokratik gelişmeleri şekillendiren faktörleri, kültür özelinde incelemek amacındadır. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'ndan devralman siyasal yapılanma ve kültür Türkiye'yi de karakterize etmektedir. Geçmişten devralman geleneksel kültürel değerlerin şekillendirdiği Türk toplum yapısı, demokrasinin Türkiye'de yerleşmesini geciktirici sonuçlar doğurmaktadır. Cumhuriyet'in ilanından sonra girişilen toplumu çağdaşlaştırma çabalan, toplumsal dinamiklerden çok, tepeden inmeci yöntemlerle şekillenmiş; devlet baba geleneği "uyruk kültürü"nü pekiştiriri etki yapmıştır. Bu durum; demokrasinin temel değerleri olan katılımcı toplum kimliğine sahip olmayı engellemiştir. Kültürel yelpazenin genişliği ekonomik, sosyal ve siyasal olay ve olguların kültürel değerlerle karşılıklı etkileşimini arttırmıştır. Bürokrasi- aydın kesimin halka yabancılaşması, ikili bir yapılanmayı doğurmuş ve bu yapıdaki yarılmayı derinleştirmiştir. Cumhuriyetle birlikte kültürel homojenliğin yaratılması yönündeki çalışmalar, milletleşme sürecine geç girilmesinin de tesiriyle, istenen düzeyde sonuçlanmamıştır.Kültürel değerlerdeki negatif kodların varlığı, ekonomik, sosyal ve siyasal alanlara da tesir ederek toplumsal yozlaşma ve çözülmeyi arttırmıştır. Kültürel yarılmalar derinleştikçe, küresel söylemle örtüşen sun'i farklılıklar sorunu, Türkiye'nin gündemine oturmuş; mozaik kültür tartışmaları etnisite boyuta taşınmıştır. Kul geleneğinin şekillendirdiği toplum yapısının değişim süreci, toplumsal dinamikler yerine, merkezin "halkın halka rağmen" değiştirilmesi esprisi ile sağlanmak istenmiştir. Oysa demokrasinin, bireyin davranış kalıplarından başlayarak, aile içi ilişkiler bütününün topluma ve yönetime yansımasında etkili olan kültürel kodların demokrasiye yatkınlığına bağlı olarak gelişeceği açıktır. Kültürel negatif kodların,Türkiye'de demokrasi kültürünün yerleşmesini olumsuz etkilediği varsayımları, çalışmamızda,literatür taraması bulguları ile destek kazanmıştır
11 ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the factors that affect the democratic developments in Turkey with regard to culture. The political structure and culture that had been inherited from Ottoman Empire characterizes Turkey. The structure of Turkish society that has been shaped by traditional cultural values that had been transmitted from the past has been delaying the settlement of democracy in Turkey. The attempts that aimed to modernize the society after the foundation of the republic has been shaped by top- down approaches rather than social dynamics, and the traditional perception of state as being indisputable had a persisting influence on 'feudal culture'. This situation prevented the development of interactive social identity that is one of the basic values of democracy. The richness of cultural diversity increased the mutual interaction between cultural values and economic, social, and political events and facts. Bureaucracy, and alienation of the intellectuals to the public caused a dichotomy in the structure, and this deepen the cleft observed in the structure. With the establishment of republic, the attempts that aimed to create cultural homogeneity were not revealed the demanded results by the effect of the delay in entering of the nationalism process. The existence of the negative codes in the cultural values increased the social degeneration and deterioration by affecting economic, social and political aspects of the society. As the cultural cleavage had deepen, artificial differences problem that resembles to the global discourse existed the agenda of the Turkey, and mosaic culture disputes turned into ethnic separatist quarrels. The change process of the social structure that shaped by feudal beliefs had aimed to accomplish by the center (state) with the perception of 'to change the society without regarding their own thoughts and demands'. However, it is clear that development of democracy is directly related to the appropriateness of the cultural codes to the democracy, that cultural codes have effects on the reflection of all in- family relations that starts from the individuals' behavior types to the society and administration. The claims of the negative effects of negative cultural codes on theIll development of democratic culture in Turkey were supported by checking the literature in the field.
11 ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the factors that affect the democratic developments in Turkey with regard to culture. The political structure and culture that had been inherited from Ottoman Empire characterizes Turkey. The structure of Turkish society that has been shaped by traditional cultural values that had been transmitted from the past has been delaying the settlement of democracy in Turkey. The attempts that aimed to modernize the society after the foundation of the republic has been shaped by top- down approaches rather than social dynamics, and the traditional perception of state as being indisputable had a persisting influence on 'feudal culture'. This situation prevented the development of interactive social identity that is one of the basic values of democracy. The richness of cultural diversity increased the mutual interaction between cultural values and economic, social, and political events and facts. Bureaucracy, and alienation of the intellectuals to the public caused a dichotomy in the structure, and this deepen the cleft observed in the structure. With the establishment of republic, the attempts that aimed to create cultural homogeneity were not revealed the demanded results by the effect of the delay in entering of the nationalism process. The existence of the negative codes in the cultural values increased the social degeneration and deterioration by affecting economic, social and political aspects of the society. As the cultural cleavage had deepen, artificial differences problem that resembles to the global discourse existed the agenda of the Turkey, and mosaic culture disputes turned into ethnic separatist quarrels. The change process of the social structure that shaped by feudal beliefs had aimed to accomplish by the center (state) with the perception of 'to change the society without regarding their own thoughts and demands'. However, it is clear that development of democracy is directly related to the appropriateness of the cultural codes to the democracy, that cultural codes have effects on the reflection of all in- family relations that starts from the individuals' behavior types to the society and administration. The claims of the negative effects of negative cultural codes on theIll development of democratic culture in Turkey were supported by checking the literature in the field.
Açıklama
Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Kamu Yönetimi Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kamu Yönetimi, Public Administration